sḏ

See also: Appendix:Variations of "sd"

Demotic

⁠⁠ m

Erichsen, Wolja (1954) Demotisches Glossar, Copenhagen: Ejnar Munksgaard, page 482

2-lit.

(transitive) to break into pieces [since the Pyramid Texts]
(transitive) to force open or cut open
(transitive, figuratively) to defeat, to break the power of
(transitive, figuratively) to eliminate or disperse (bad weather, disease, etc.)
(transitive, figuratively) to make traversable (places or paths)
(intransitive, of wounds) to break out

Conjugation of sḏ (biliteral / 2-lit. / 2rad.) — base stem: sḏ, geminated stem: sḏḏ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive¹	singular	plural
sḏ	sḏw, sḏ	sḏt	sḏ, j.sḏ	sḏ, j.sḏ

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective²		periphrastic prospective²
sḏ	ḥr sḏ	m sḏ	r sḏ

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms		participles
aspect / mood	active	passive	active	passive
perfect	sḏ.n	active + .tj¹, .tw²	—	—
perfective	sḏ	active + .tj¹, .tw²	sḏ	sḏḏ, sḏḏj⁶, sḏ², sḏw^{2 5}, sḏy^{2 5}
imperfective	j.sḏ¹, sḏ, sḏy, sḏw⁵	active + .tj¹, .tw²	j.sḏ¹, j.sḏw^{1 5}, sḏ, sḏj⁶, sḏy⁶	sḏ, sḏw⁵
prospective	sḏ, sḏtj⁷	—	sḏtj⁴, sḏt⁴
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine.

Alternative hieroglyphic writings of sḏ

sd

Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1930) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache‎, volume 4, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 373.8–375.7
Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 257
James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 253.

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