Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/ńeŋńe

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Noun

*ńeŋńe

spring
Synonym: *nelki

Declension

Declension of *ńeŋńe

	Singular
Nominative	*ńeŋńe
Accusative	*ńeŋńebe
Genitive	*ńeŋńeŋī
Dative	*ńeŋńedüe
Locative	*ńeŋńele
Ablative	*ńeŋńediki
Prolative	*ńeŋńeli
Elative	*ńeŋńegiʒi
Instrumental	*ńeŋńeʒi
Delative	*ńeŋńelēki
Directive	*ńeŋńetiki
Comitative	*ńeŋńegili

Adverb

*ńeŋńe

in/during spring

Descendants

Jurchenic:
- Jurchen: 捏捏里 (niyengniyeri /⁠nie-nie-li⁠/)
  - Manchu: ᠨᡳᠶᡝᠩᠨᡳᠶᡝᡵᡳ (niyengniyeri)
Tungusic:
- North Tungusic:
  - Even: нэгин (nəgin)
  - Evenki: неӈнени (ņeŋņeņi)
  - Negidal: неӈне (ńeŋńe)
- South Tungusic:
  - South-Eastern:
    - Nanai: неӈне (ńeŋńe)
    - Orok: неӈне (neŋne), ԩеӈԩе (ńeŋńe)
    - Ulch: н’эӈн’э (ńeŋńe)

References

Benzing, Johannes (1955) Die tungusischen Sprachen. Versuch einer vergleichenden Grammatik (Abhandlungen der Geistes- und Sozialwissenschaftlichen Klasse; 11) (in German), Wiesbaden: Verlag der Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur in Mainz in Kommission bei Franz Steiner Verlag, page 95
Cincius, V. I. (1975) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Leningrad: Nauka, pages 653-654
Kane, Daniel (1989) The Sino-Jurchen Vocabulary of the Bureau of Interpreters (Uralic and Altaic Series; vol. 153), Bloomington, Indiana: Research Institute for Inner Asian Studies, Indiana University, →ISBN, page 187.

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