< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žiti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *gīˀwetei, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷíh₃weti.

Baltic cognates include Lithuanian gýti (“to heal; to recover”).

Indo-European cognates include Sanskrit जीवति (jī́vati), Latin vīvō (“to live”) (infinitive vīvere).

Verb

*žìti[1]

  1. to live

Inflection
Conjugation of *žiti, *ži(tъ), *živetь (?, -V/C-, t-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*žitьje *žiti *žitъ *žilъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *žitъ *živomъ
Active *živъ *živy
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *žixъ*ži(tъ)*ži(tъ) *živǫ*živeši*živetь
Dual *žixově*žista*žiste *živevě*živeta*živete
Plural *žixomъ*žiste*žišę *živemъ*živete*živǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *živěaxъ*živěaše*živěaše —*živi*živi
Dual *živěaxově*živěašeta*živěašete *živěvě*živěta—
Plural *živěaxomъ*živěašete*živěaxǫ *živěmъ*živěte—
Conjugation of *žiti, žive, *živetь (?, -V/C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*žitьje *žiti *žitъ *žilъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *žitъ *živomъ
Active *živъ *živy
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular živ(ox)ъživežive *živǫ*živeši*živetь
Dual živ(ox)ověživ(e/os)taživ(e/os)te *živevě*živeta*živete
Plural živ(ox)omъživ(e/os)teživǫ, živošę *živemъ*živete*živǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *živěaxъ*živěaše*živěaše —*živi*živi
Dual *živěaxově*živěašeta*živěašete *živěvě*živěta—
Plural *živěaxomъ*živěašete*živěaxǫ *živěmъ*živěte—

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: жити (žiti)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: жити (žiti)
      Glagolitic: ⰶⰻⱅⰻ (žiti)
    • Slovene: žíti (tonal orthography) (archaic)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жить”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References
  1. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*žìti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 562: “v. (c) ‘live’”
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