< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/žica

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Mostly likely from Proto-Indo-European *gʷiH- + *-ka[1] (unless contracted from an earlier *žitьca[1]). Akin to Lithuanian gijà (“thread (in warp)”), Latvian dzija (“thread”) within Balto-Slavic and further related to Sanskrit जिया (jiyā), ज्या (jyā, “bowstring”), Avestan 𐬘𐬌𐬌𐬁 (jiiā), Old Persian [script needed] (ǰiyā), Welsh giau (“nerves, sinew”), Ancient Greek βιός (biós, “bowstring”).

Noun

*žìca f[2][1]

  1. thread, wire

Inflection
Declension of *žìca (soft a-stem, accent paradigm a)
singular dual plural
nominative *žìca *žìci *žìcę̇
genitive *žìcę̇ *žìcu *žìcь
dative *žìcī *žìcama *žìcāmъ
accusative *žìcǫ *žìci *žìcę̇
instrumental *žìcējǫ, *žìcǭ* *žìcama *žìcāmī
locative *žìcī *žìcu *žìcāsъ
vocative *žìce *žìci *žìcę̇
* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms
  • *žičьka, *žičica (diminutive)
  • *žičьnъ (“wiry”)
    • *žičьnikъ (“knurl, knot within thread”)
  • *žikati (“to lash, to prod”)
  • *žila (“vein, sinew, tendon”) (possibly)
  • *žima, *žiňa (“strand, yarn (of hair)”) (possibly)

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Russian: жи́ца (žíca)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • ⇒ Czech: žičica

Further reading
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “жихать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “жица”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 549
  • “gija”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012

References
  1. Snoj, Marko (2016) “žica”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *ži̋ca”
  2. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*žìca”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 561
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