< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic
Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/wrīþaną
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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Germanic
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *wreyt- (“to twist, writhe”).[1]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈwriː.θɑ.nɑ̃/
Inflection
Conjugation of *wrīþaną (strong class 1)
| active voice | passive voice | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | indicative | subjunctive | imperative | indicative | subjunctive |
| 1st singular | *wrīþō | *wrīþaų | — | *wrīþai | ? |
| 2nd singular | *wrīþizi | *wrīþaiz | *wrīþ | *wrīþazai | *wrīþaizau |
| 3rd singular | *wrīþidi | *wrīþai | *wrīþadau | *wrīþadai | *wrīþaidau |
| 1st dual | *wrīþōz | *wrīþaiw | — | — | — |
| 2nd dual | *wrīþadiz | *wrīþaidiz | *wrīþadiz | — | — |
| 1st plural | *wrīþamaz | *wrīþaim | — | *wrīþandai | *wrīþaindau |
| 2nd plural | *wrīþid | *wrīþaid | *wrīþid | *wrīþandai | *wrīþaindau |
| 3rd plural | *wrīþandi | *wrīþain | *wrīþandau | *wrīþandai | *wrīþaindau |
| past tense | indicative | subjunctive | |||
| 1st singular | *wraiþ | *wridį̄ | |||
| 2nd singular | *wraist | *wridīz | |||
| 3rd singular | *wraiþ | *wridī | |||
| 1st dual | *wridū | *wridīw | |||
| 2nd dual | *wridudiz | *wridīdiz | |||
| 1st plural | *wridum | *wridīm | |||
| 2nd plural | *wridud | *wridīd | |||
| 3rd plural | *wridun | *wridīn | |||
| present | past | ||||
| participles | *wrīþandz | *wridanaz | |||
Descendants
References
- Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*wrīþan-~*wrītan”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 597
- Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*wrīþanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology, Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 473
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