< Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic

Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hnappōną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *knobʰnéh₂-, an o-grade iterative to Proto-Indo-European *knebʰ- (“to pick”). Related to Lithuanian knabt (“to peck”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈxnɑp.pɔː.nɑ̃/

Verb

*hnappōną

  1. to pick, pluck, tear off

Inflection

The original paradigm consisted of two stem variants, *hnapp- against *hnab-.

Conjugation of *hnappōną (weak class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hnappō*hnappǭ—*hnappōi ?
2nd singular *hnappōsi*hnappōs*hnappō*hnappōsai*hnappōsau
3rd singular *hnappōþi*hnappō*hnappōþau*hnappōþai*hnappōþau
1st dual *hnappōs*hnappōw———
2nd dual *hnappōþiz*hnappōþiz*hnappōþiz——
1st plural *hnappōmaz*hnappōm—*hnappōnþai*hnappōnþau
2nd plural *hnappōþ*hnappōþ*hnappōþ*hnappōnþai*hnappōnþau
3rd plural *hnappōnþi*hnappōn*hnappōnþau*hnappōnþai*hnappōnþau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *hnappōdǭ*hnappōdēdį̄
2nd singular *hnappōdēz*hnappōdēdīz
3rd singular *hnappōdē*hnappōdēdī
1st dual *hnappōdēdū*hnappōdēdīw
2nd dual *hnappōdēdudiz*hnappōdēdīdiz
1st plural *hnappōdēdum*hnappōdēdīm
2nd plural *hnappōdēdud*hnappōdēdīd
3rd plural *hnappōdēdun*hnappōdēdīn
present past
participles *hnappōndz*hnappōdaz

Descendants
  • (possibly) English: nap, nab
  • Old Norse: *hnappa
    • Norwegian: nappe (dialectal)
      • Norwegian Bokmål: nappe (dialectal)
    • Old Swedish: nappa
      • Swedish: nappa
      • → Finnic:[1]
        • Estonian: nappama (dialectal)
        • Finnish: napata
        • Ingrian: napata
        • Karelian: ńapata

References
  • Kroonen, Guus (2013) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  1. Itkonen, Erkki, Kulonen, Ulla-Maija, editors (1992–2000), Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The origin of Finnish words]‎ (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN
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