Reconstruction:Ashokan Prakrit/𑀙𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁆

• *𑀙𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁆 (*chapp), *𑀙𑀺𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁆 (*chipp), *𑀙𑁄𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁆 (*chopp)

Unknown. A connection to Proto-Indo-European *(s)kewH- (“to hide”) is semantically plausible. A substrate borrowing is also likely on account of the variation of forms.

*𑀙𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁆 (*chupp)

1. to press, cover, hide

From *𑀙𑀼𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁆 (*chupp):

• Punjabi: ਛੁਪਣਾ (chupṇā)
• Hindustani:

  Hindi: छुपना (chupnā)

  Urdu: چھُپْنا (chupnā)

From *𑀙𑁄𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁆 (*chopp):

• Nepali: छोप्नु (chopnu, “to cover”)
• Hindustani:

  Hindi: छोपना (chopnā, “to apply a coat, paint”)

  Urdu: چھوپْنا (chopnā)

From *𑀙𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁆 (*chapp):

• Bengali: ছাপা (chapa)
• Assamese: ছাপা (sapa)
• Hindustani:
  • Hindi: छापना (chāpnā)
  • Urdu: چھاپْنا (chāpnā)
  • → Punjabi: ਛਾਪਣਾ (chāpṇā) (learned)
• Maithili: छपब (chapab)
• Gujarati: છાપવું (chāpvũ)

From *𑀙𑀺𑀧𑁆𑀧𑁆 (*chipp):

• Punjabi: ਛਿਪਣਾ (chipṇā)
• Nepali: छिप्नु (chipnu)
• Hindustani:
  • Hindi: छीपना (chīpnā)
  • Urdu: چھیپنا
• Gujarati: છીપવું (chīpvũ)

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “chupp”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “chapp”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press