सिंह

See also: साही, सही, सह, सेही, and सौंह

Hindi

Alternative forms

सिंघ (siṅgh)

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सिंह (siṃha).

Pronunciation

(Delhi Hindi) IPA^(key): /sɪŋɡʱ/, [sɪ̃ŋɡʱ]

Noun

सिंह • (siṅh) m (Urdu spelling سنہ)

lion
(astronomy) The constellation Leo
(astrology) A Leo

Declension

Declension of सिंह (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	सिंह siṅh	सिंह siṅh
oblique	सिंह siṅh	सिंहों siṅhõ
vocative	सिंह siṅh	सिंहो siṅho

Synonyms

शेर (śer)

Marathi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit सिंह (siṃha).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /siu.ɦə/
Hyphenation: सिं‧ह

Noun

सिंह • (siuha) m

the lion
(astrology) the zodiacal sign Leo or its lagna
hero, eminent person

Declension

Declension of सिंह (masc cons-stem)
direct singular	सिंह siuha
direct plural	सिंह siuha
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	सिंह siuha	सिंह siuha
oblique सामान्यरूप	सिंहा siuhā	सिंहां- siuhān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	सिंहाला siuhālā	सिंहांना siuhānnā
ergative	सिंहाने, सिंहानं siuhāne, siuhāna	सिंहांनी siuhānnī
instrumental	सिंहाशी siuhāśī	सिंहांशी siuhānśī
locative सप्तमी	सिंहात siuhāt	सिंहांत siuhāt
vocative संबोधन	सिंहा siuhā	सिंहांनो siuhānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of सिंह (masc cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular^* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	oblique सामान्यरूप
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	सिंहाचा siuhāċā	सिंहाचे siuhāċe	सिंहाची siuhācī	सिंहाच्या siuhācā	सिंहाचे, सिंहाचं siuhāċe, siuhāċa	सिंहाची siuhācī	सिंहाच्या siuhācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	सिंहांचा siuhānċā	सिंहांचे siuhānċe	सिंहांची siuhāñcī	सिंहांच्या siuhāncā	सिंहांचे, सिंहांचं siuhānċe, siuhānċa	सिंहांची siuhāñcī	सिंहांच्या siuhāñcā
^* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Nepali

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit सिंह (siṃhá).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): [siŋɦʌ], [sĩɦʌ]

Phonetic Devanagari: सिङ्ह, or सिंहअ

Noun

सिंह • (siṅha)

lion
(astronomy) The constellation Leo
(astrology) A Leo

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

সিংহ (Assamese script)
ᬲᬶᬂᬳ (Balinese script)
সিংহ (Bengali script)
𑰭𑰰𑰽𑰮 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳 (Brahmi script)
သိံဟ (Burmese script)
સિંહ (Gujarati script)
ਸਿਂਹ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌸𑌿𑌂𑌹 (Grantha script)
ꦱꦶꦁꦲ (Javanese script)
𑂮𑂱𑂁𑂯 (Kaithi script)
ಸಿಂಹ (Kannada script)
សិំហ (Khmer script)
ສິໍຫ (Lao script)
സിംഹ (Malayalam script)
ᢀ᠋ᠰ᠌ᡳᡥᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘭𑘱𑘽𑘮 (Modi script)
ᢀ᠋ᠰᠢᠾᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧍𑧒𑧞𑧎 (Nandinagari script)
𑐳𑐶𑑄𑐴 (Newa script)
ସିଂହ (Odia script)
ꢱꢶꢀꢲ (Saurashtra script)
𑆱𑆴𑆁𑆲 (Sharada script)
𑖭𑖰𑖽𑖮 (Siddham script)
සිංහ (Sinhalese script)
𑪁𑩑𑪖𑪂 (Soyombo script)
𑚨𑚮𑚫𑚩 (Takri script)
ஸிஂஹ (Tamil script)
సింహ (Telugu script)
สิํห (Thai script)
སིཾ་ཧ (Tibetan script)
𑒮𑒱𑓀𑒯 (Tirhuta script)
𑨰𑨁𑨸𑨱 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *sinźʰás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *sinȷ́ʰás, from dialectal Proto-Indo-European *sinǵʰo-, ultimately a borrowing from a Central Asian substrate language. Cognate with Old Armenian ինձ (inj). Less likely, a nonadjacent metathesis of हिंसा (hiṃsā).

Pronunciation

(Rigveda) IPA^(key): /sin.ɦɐ́/, /sĩ.ɦɐ́/
(Yajurveda chanting) IPA^(key): /si.ɡm̩.ɦɐ́/

(Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈs̪ĩ.ɦɐ/

Noun

सिंह • (siṃhá) stem, m

the lion
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.83.4:
  रथीव कशयाश्वाँ अभिक्षिपन्नाविर्दूतान्कृणुते वर्ष्याँ अह ।
  दूरात्सिंहस्य स्तनथा उदीरते यत्पर्जन्यः कृणुते वर्ष्यं नभः ॥
  rathīva kaśayāśvām̐ abhikṣipannāvirdūtānkṛṇute varṣyām̐ aha.
  dūrātsiṃhasya stanathā udīrate yatparjanyaḥ kṛṇute varṣyaṃ nabhaḥ.
  Like a car-driver whipping on his horses, he makes the messengers of rain spring forward.
  The roaring of the lion resounds from far when Parjanya fills the sky with rain-cloud.
(astrology) the zodiacal sign Leo or its lagna
hero, eminent person
a particular form of temple
a particular place prepared for the building of a house
a Moringa with red flowers
(music) a kind of tune
the symbol or emblem of the 24th arhat of the present avasarpini

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of सिंह (siṃhá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	सिंहः siṃháḥ	सिंहौ / सिंहा¹ siṃhaú / siṃhā́¹	सिंहाः / सिंहासः¹ siṃhā́ḥ / siṃhā́saḥ¹
Vocative	सिंह síṃha	सिंहौ / सिंहा¹ síṃhau / síṃhā¹	सिंहाः / सिंहासः¹ síṃhāḥ / síṃhāsaḥ¹
Accusative	सिंहम् siṃhám	सिंहौ / सिंहा¹ siṃhaú / siṃhā́¹	सिंहान् siṃhā́n
Instrumental	सिंहेन siṃhéna	सिंहाभ्याम् siṃhā́bhyām	सिंहैः / सिंहेभिः¹ siṃhaíḥ / siṃhébhiḥ¹
Dative	सिंहाय siṃhā́ya	सिंहाभ्याम् siṃhā́bhyām	सिंहेभ्यः siṃhébhyaḥ
Ablative	सिंहात् siṃhā́t	सिंहाभ्याम् siṃhā́bhyām	सिंहेभ्यः siṃhébhyaḥ
Genitive	सिंहस्य siṃhásya	सिंहयोः siṃháyoḥ	सिंहानाम् siṃhā́nām
Locative	सिंहे siṃhé	सिंहयोः siṃháyoḥ	सिंहेषु siṃhéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

सिंहकेसर (siṃhakesara)
सिंहदंष्ट्र (siṃhadaṃṣṭra)
सिंहद्वार (siṃhadvāra)
सिंहपुर (siṃhapura)
सिंहबल (siṃhabala)
सिंहवाहिनी (siṃhavāhinī)
सिंहाचल (siṃhācala)
सिंहावलोकन (siṃhāvalokana)
सिंहासन (siṃhāsana)
सिंहास्य (siṃhāsya)
सिंहिका (siṃhikā)

Descendants

Ardhamagadhi Prakrit: 𑀲𑀻𑀳 (sīha)
Kashmiri: सॖह (sụh)
Magadhi Prakrit: 𑀰𑀺𑀁𑀳 (śiṃha)
Maharastri Prakrit: 𑀲𑀻𑀳 (sīha), 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀖 (siṃgha), 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀳 (siṃha)
Pali: sīha
- → Burmese: သိဟ် (sih), သီဟ (siha.)
- → Khmer: សីហា (səyhaa), សីហៈ (səyhaʼ)
- → Shan: သီႇႁႃႉ (sìi hâ̰a)
- → Thai: สีห์ (sǐi), สีหะ
Sauraseni Prakrit: 𑀲𑀺𑀁𑀖 (siṃgha)
- Old Hindi:
  - Hindi: सिंघ (siṅgh), سنگھ (siṅgh)
- Punjabi: ਸਿੰਘ (siṅgh)
→ Assamese: সিংহ (xiṅho)
- → Karbi: hingho
- → Mising: ইংগ (iṅgo)
→ Bengali: সিংহ (śiṅho)
- → Kokborok: singho
- → Garo: singho
→ Bhojpuri: सिंह (sinh)
→ Bishnupriya Manipuri: সিংহ
→ Gondi: చిహొ (ciho)
→ Gujarati: સિંહ (sĩh)
→ Hindi: सिंह (sĩh), سنہ (siṅh)
→ Kannada: ಸಿಂಹ (siṃha)
→ Lao: ສິງ (sing)
→ Lü: ᦉᦲᧂ (ṡiing)
→ Classical Malay: [Term?]
- Malay: singa
  - → Bau Bidayuh: singa
  - → Central Melanau: singa
  - Indonesian: singa
    - → Nalca: singa
  - → Maranao: singa
→ Malayalam: സിംഹം (siṁhaṁ), ചിങ്ങം (ciṅṅaṁ)
- → Malavedan: ചിമുകം (cimukaṁ)
→ Marathi: सिंह (siuha)
→ Nepali: सिंह (siṅha)
→ Old Javanese: [script needed] (siṅha)
- Javanese: ꦱꦶꦔ (singa)
- → Sundanese: ᮞᮤᮍ (singa)
→ Old Khmer: សិង្ហ (siṅha), សិង៑ (siṅ)
- Khmer: សិង្ហ (sənghɑɑ), សឹង្ហ (səng)
→ Odia: ସିଂହ (siṁhô)
→ Sinhalese: සිංහය (siṁhaya)
→ Tamil: சிங்கம் (ciṅkam), சிம்மம் (cimmam), சிம்ஹம் (cimham)
→ Telugu: సింహము (siṁhamu)
→ Thai: สิงห์ (sǐng)
→ Tibetan: སེངྒེ (sengge)
→ Tulu: ಸಿಂಹ (siṃha)

Proper noun

सिंह • (siṃhá) stem, m

name of a son of Krishna
name of a king of the Vidyadharas
name of a king (the father of साहिदेव (sāhideva))
name of the Venkata mountain
(with आचार्य (ācārya)) name of an astronomer
name of various other persons
a particular mythical bird

References

Monier Williams (1899) “सिंह”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1213/1.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎ (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 727

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Zodiac signs in Marathi · राशी (rāśī) (layout · text)

मेष (meṣ)	वृषभ (vŕṣabh)	मिथुन (mithun)	कर्क (karka)

सिंह (siuha)	कन्या (kanyā)	तूळ (tūḷ)	वृश्चिक (vŕścik)

धनु (dhanu)	मकर (makar)	कुंभ (kumbha)	मीन (mīn)

Zodiac signs in Nepali · राशि (rāśi) (layout · text)

मेष (meṣ)	वृष (vr̥ṣ)	मिथुन (mithuna)	कर्कट (karkaṭ)

सिंह (siṅha)	कन्या (kanyā)	तुला (tulā)	वृश्चिक (vr̥ścik)

धनु (dhanu)	मकर (makar)	कुम्भ (kumbha)	मीन (mīna)

Zodiac signs in Sanskrit (layout · text)

मेष (meṣa)	ऋषभ (ṛṣabha)	मिथुन (mithuna)	कर्कटक (karkaṭaka)

सिंह (siṃha)	कन्या (kanyā)	तुला (tulā)	वृश्चिक (vṛścika)

धनु (dhanu)	मकर (makara)	कुम्भ (kumbha)	मीन (mīna)