σπάθη

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From Proto-Hellenic *spátʰā, perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *sph₂-dʰh₁-éh₂, from *(s)peh₂- (“to draw”) (compare σπάω (spáō)) + *dʰeh₁- (“to do; put”) + feminine ending *-eh₂. Cognate with Proto-Germanic *spadô, Hittite 𒅖𒉺𒀀𒋻 (išpatar, “spear”).

Pronunciation
 

Noun

σπᾰ́θη • (spáthē) f (genitive σπᾰ́θης); first declension

  1. any broad blade, of wood or metal
    1. a flat wooden blade used by ancient weavers in their upright loom for striking the woof home
    2. a spaddle or spattle used for stirring, especially for medical purposes
    3. the paddle or blade of an oar
      Synonym: πλάτη (plátē)
    4. the broad ribs
    5. the shoulder blade
    6. the broad blade of a sword
    7. a scraper for currying horses
    8. the stem of a palm-frond
    9. the spathe of the flower of many plants, especially palms

Inflection
First declension of ἡ σπᾰ́θη; τῆς σπᾰ́θης (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ἡ σπᾰ́θη
hē spáthē		 τὼ σπᾰ́θᾱ
tṑ spáthā		 αἱ σπᾰ́θαι
hai spáthai
Genitive τῆς σπᾰ́θης
tês spáthēs		 τοῖν σπᾰ́θαιν
toîn spáthain		 τῶν σπᾰθῶν
tôn spathôn
Dative τῇ σπᾰ́θῃ
têi spáthēi		 τοῖν σπᾰ́θαιν
toîn spáthain		 ταῖς σπᾰ́θαις
taîs spáthais
Accusative τὴν σπᾰ́θην
tḕn spáthēn		 τὼ σπᾰ́θᾱ
tṑ spáthā		 τᾱ̀ς σπᾰ́θᾱς
tā̀s spáthās
Vocative σπᾰ́θη
spáthē		 σπᾰ́θᾱ
spáthā		 σπᾰ́θαι
spáthai
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms
  • σπαθαρία (spatharía)
  • σπαθαρικόν (spatharikón)
  • σπαθάριος (spathários)
  • σπαθαρίσκος (spatharískos)
  • σπαθάω (spatháō)
  • σπάθημα (spáthēma)
  • σπάθησις (spáthēsis)
  • σπαθητός (spathētós)
  • σπαθηφόρος (spathēphóros)
  • σπαθίας (spathías)
  • σπαθίζω (spathízō)
  • σπαθίνης (spathínēs)
  • σπαθίον (spathíon)
  • σπαθίουρος (spathíouros)
  • σπαθίς (spathís)
  • σπάθισμα (spáthisma)
  • σπαθίτης (spathítēs)

Descendants
  • Greek: σπαθί (spathí)
  • → Latin: spatha (see there for further descendants)

References
  • “σπάθη”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “σπάθη”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • σπάθη in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “σπάθη”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1374
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