zagen
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈzaːɣə(n)/
audio (file) - Hyphenation: za‧gen
- Rhymes: -aːɣən
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch sagen. Equivalent to zaag (“saw”) + -en.
Verb
zagen
Inflection
| Conjugation of zagen (weak) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | zagen | |||
| past singular | zaagde | |||
| past participle | gezaagd | |||
| infinitive | zagen | |||
| gerund | zagen n | |||
| present tense | past tense | |||
| 1st person singular | zaag | zaagde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (jij) | zaagt | zaagde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (u) | zaagt | zaagde | ||
| 2nd person sing. (gij) | zaagt | zaagde | ||
| 3rd person singular | zaagt | zaagde | ||
| plural | zagen | zaagden | ||
| subjunctive sing.1 | zage | zaagde | ||
| subjunctive plur.1 | zagen | zaagden | ||
| imperative sing. | zaag | |||
| imperative plur.1 | zaagt | |||
| participles | zagend | gezaagd | ||
| 1) Archaic. | ||||
Descendants
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
German
Etymology
From Middle High German zagen, from Old High German erzagēn, with further origin unclear. Often assumed to be from a hypothetical Old High German *aʒ-agēn and Proto-Germanic *at-agēn, with an incorrect separation of *at (“at”). *agēn (“fear”) would be related to Proto-Germanic *agaz (“fear, dread”) and thus be from Proto-Indo-European *h₂égʰos (“distress”) and Proto-Indo-European *h₂egʰ- (“to be upset, afraid”), whence English awe, Sanskrit अघ (agha, “bad, evil”), and Ancient Greek ἄχος (ákhos, “distress, pain”).
Pronunciation
Audio (file) - Rhymes: -aːɡn̩
Verb
zagen (weak, third-person singular present zagt, past tense zagte, past participle gezagt, auxiliary haben)
- to hesitate, to be apprehensive
- 1776, Gottfried August Bürger, “Die Myrmidonen”, in Das Lied vom braven Manne:
- Hallo! Hallo! Frischauf gewagt! / Hoch hielt der Graf den Preis empor. / Ein jeder hört's, doch jeder zagt, / Aus Tausenden tritt keiner vor. / Vergebens durchheulte, mit Weib und Kind, / Der Zöllner nach Rettung den Strom und Wind.
- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
Conjugation
| infinitive | zagen | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | zagend | ||||
| past participle | gezagt | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich zage | wir zagen | i | ich zage | wir zagen |
| du zagst | ihr zagt | du zagest | ihr zaget | ||
| er zagt | sie zagen | er zage | sie zagen | ||
| preterite | ich zagte | wir zagten | ii | ich zagte1 | wir zagten1 |
| du zagtest | ihr zagtet | du zagtest1 | ihr zagtet1 | ||
| er zagte | sie zagten | er zagte1 | sie zagten1 | ||
| imperative | zag (du) zage (du) |
zagt (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.