streng
Danish
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): [sd̥ʁaŋˀ]
Etymology 1
From Old Danish sthrængh, from Proto-Germanic *strangijaz (“tight, tense”), cf. German streng. It is variant of the adjective Proto-Germanic *strangaz, Old Norse strangr, English strong.
Inflection
| Inflection of streng | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Positive | Comparative | Superlative | |
| Indefinte common singular | streng | strengere | strengest2 |
| Indefinite neuter singular | strengt | strengere | strengest2 |
| Plural | strenge | strengere | strengest2 |
| Definite attributive1 | strenge | strengere | strengeste |
| 1) When an adjective is applied predicatively to something definite, the corresponding "indefinite" form is used. 2) The "indefinite" superlatives may not be used attributively. | |||
References
Etymology 2
From Old Norse strengr, from Proto-Germanic *strangiz, from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ-.
Declension
| common gender |
Singular | Plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | |
| nominative | streng | strengen | strenge | strengene |
| genitive | strengs | strengens | strenges | strengenes |
Derived terms
- strengbeton
- strengeinstrument
- strengeleg
- strengeleje
- strengespil
References
Dutch
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /strɛŋ/
audio (file) - Hyphenation: streng
- Rhymes: -ɛŋ
Etymology 1
From Middle Dutch strenge, from Old Dutch [Term?], from Proto-Germanic *strangijaz (“tight, tense”), *strangaz, from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“taut”). Compare German streng, English strong, Danish streng.
Adjective
Inflection
| Inflection of streng | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| uninflected | streng | |||
| inflected | strenge | |||
| comparative | strenger | |||
| positive | comparative | superlative | ||
| predicative/adverbial | streng | strenger | het strengst het strengste | |
| indefinite | m./f. sing. | strenge | strengere | strengste |
| n. sing. | streng | strenger | strengste | |
| plural | strenge | strengere | strengste | |
| definite | strenge | strengere | strengste | |
| partitive | strengs | strengers | — | |
Derived terms
- gestreng, strengelijk
- gestrengheid, strengheid
- streng in de leer
Descendants
- Afrikaans: streng
- → Papiamentu: strèn
Etymology 2
From Proto-Germanic *strangiz, from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ-. Compare Low German Strenge, German Strang, English string, Danish streng.
Noun
streng f or m (plural strengen, diminutive strengetje n)
Derived terms
- navelstreng
- strengel
- strengenkabel
- strengkoker
- strengpan
Descendants
- → Papiamentu: strèn
References
- Prof. dr. G. Geerts e.a., van Dale. Groot Woordenboek der Nederlandse Taal. Utrecht - Antwerp, Van Dale Lexicografie, 1984 (eleventh edition). [leading Dutch dictionary in Dutch, commonly known as ‘de Grote Van Dale’]
Anagrams
German
Etymology
From Middle High German strenge, from Old High German strengi (“strong”), strangi, from Proto-Germanic *strangijaz (“tight, tense”), *strangaz, from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ- (“taut”); related to Proto-Indo-European *ster- (“stiff”). Compare German Strenge, Dutch streng, Danish streng, English strong.
Pronunciation
audio (Austria) (file) - IPA(key): /ʃtʁɛŋ/
Audio (file) - Hyphenation: streng
Adjective
streng (strong nominative masculine singular strenger, comparative strenger, superlative am strengsten)
- severe, rigid, strict
- Synonyms: autoritär; genau, grundsätzlich, gnadenlos, erbarmungslos, entschieden; hart, schwer; puritanisch, einfach, schlicht; scharf, penetrant, beißend
- Antonym: gelind
- 1787 CE: Johann Wolfgang von Goethe, Egmont
- Ich sehe kein Mittel, weder strenges noch gelindes, dem Übel zu steuern.
- I see no means, neither severe nor mild, by which to stem the evil.
Declension
| number & gender | singular | plural | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | neuter | |||
| predicative | er ist streng | sie ist streng | es ist streng | sie sind streng | |
| strong declension (without article) |
nominative | strenger | strenge | strenges | strenge |
| genitive | strengen | strenger | strengen | strenger | |
| dative | strengem | strenger | strengem | strengen | |
| accusative | strengen | strenge | strenges | strenge | |
| weak declension (with definite article) |
nominative | der strenge | die strenge | das strenge | die strengen |
| genitive | des strengen | der strengen | des strengen | der strengen | |
| dative | dem strengen | der strengen | dem strengen | den strengen | |
| accusative | den strengen | die strenge | das strenge | die strengen | |
| mixed declension (with indefinite article) |
nominative | ein strenger | eine strenge | ein strenges | (keine) strengen |
| genitive | eines strengen | einer strengen | eines strengen | (keiner) strengen | |
| dative | einem strengen | einer strengen | einem strengen | (keinen) strengen | |
| accusative | einen strengen | eine strenge | ein strenges | (keine) strengen | |
Related terms
Adverb
streng
- very much, strictly
- 1993, Die Ärzte, Lieber Tee:
- Da rauchen sie dann Haschisch ... aber das ist streng geheim.
- There they smoke hashish ... but that is strictly secret.
Icelandic
Manx
Middle English
Etymology
From Old English strenġ, from Proto-West Germanic *strangiz.
Variants with /ɡ/ are unexpected, in contrast to henge, and probably show influence from Old Norse strengr.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈstrend͡ʒ(ə)/, /ˈstrind͡ʒ(ə)/, /ˈstrenɡ(ə)/, /ˈstrinɡ(ə)/
Descendants
- English: string
References
- “streng, n.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.
Norwegian Bokmål
Adjective
streng (neuter singular strengt, definite singular and plural strenge, comparative strengere, indefinite superlative strengest, definite superlative strengeste)
Derived terms
References
- “streng” in The Bokmål Dictionary.
Anagrams
Norwegian Nynorsk
Adjective
streng (neuter strengt, definite singular and plural strenge, comparative strengare, indefinite superlative strengast, definite superlative strengaste)
Etymology 2
From Old Norse strengr, from Proto-Germanic *strangiz. The computing sense is borrowed from English string.
Noun
streng m (definite singular strengen, indefinite plural strenger or strengar, definite plural strengene or strengane)
Derived terms
References
- “streng” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.
Anagrams
- rengst, trengs
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *strangiz, from Proto-Indo-European *strengʰ-. Compare Old High German strang and Old Norse strengr.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /strenj/, [strend͡ʒ]