riuku

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *riuku (compare Ingrian riuku, Karelian riuku, Votic riuku and dialectal Estonian riug), probably borrowed from Proto-Germanic [Term?] (compare Old Norse þrjúgr).[1]

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈriu̯ku/, [ˈriu̯ku]
  • Rhymes: -iuku
  • Syllabification(key): riu‧ku

Noun

riuku

  1. pole (delimbed and usually not debarked stem of a small tree, especially one cut to a specified length for a purpose)
    Tiipii on kartiomainen teltta, joka tehdään perinteisesti riukujen varaan asetelluista taljoista.
    A tipi is a cone-shaped tent, traditionally made of animal skins upon wooden poles.
  2. (figuratively) beanstalk (tall and slim person)
  3. A latrine equipped with seats by supporting poles between trees.
    Synonyms: riukula, riukukäymälä
  4. (heraldry) pallet

Declension
Inflection of riuku (Kotus type 1*D/valo, k-∅ gradation)
nominative riuku riu’ut
genitive riu’un riukujen
partitive riukua riukuja
illative riukuun riukuihin
singular plural
nominative riuku riu’ut
accusative nom. riuku riu’ut
gen. riu’un
genitive riu’un riukujen
partitive riukua riukuja
inessive riu’ussa riu’uissa
elative riu’usta riu’uista
illative riukuun riukuihin
adessive riu’ulla riu’uilla
ablative riu’ulta riu’uilta
allative riu’ulle riu’uille
essive riukuna riukuina
translative riu’uksi riu’uiksi
abessive riu’utta riu’uitta
instructive — riu’uin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of riuku (Kotus type 1*D/valo, k-∅ gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative riukuni riukuni
accusative nom. riukuni riukuni
gen. riukuni
genitive riukuni riukujeni
partitive riukuani riukujani
inessive riu’ussani riu’uissani
elative riu’ustani riu’uistani
illative riukuuni riukuihini
adessive riu’ullani riu’uillani
ablative riu’ultani riu’uiltani
allative riu’ulleni riu’uilleni
essive riukunani riukuinani
translative riu’ukseni riu’uikseni
abessive riu’uttani riu’uittani
instructive — —
comitative — riukuineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative riukusi riukusi
accusative nom. riukusi riukusi
gen. riukusi
genitive riukusi riukujesi
partitive riukuasi riukujasi
inessive riu’ussasi riu’uissasi
elative riu’ustasi riu’uistasi
illative riukuusi riukuihisi
adessive riu’ullasi riu’uillasi
ablative riu’ultasi riu’uiltasi
allative riu’ullesi riu’uillesi
essive riukunasi riukuinasi
translative riu’uksesi riu’uiksesi
abessive riu’uttasi riu’uittasi
instructive — —
comitative — riukuinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative riukumme riukumme
accusative nom. riukumme riukumme
gen. riukumme
genitive riukumme riukujemme
partitive riukuamme riukujamme
inessive riu’ussamme riu’uissamme
elative riu’ustamme riu’uistamme
illative riukuumme riukuihimme
adessive riu’ullamme riu’uillamme
ablative riu’ultamme riu’uiltamme
allative riu’ullemme riu’uillemme
essive riukunamme riukuinamme
translative riu’uksemme riu’uiksemme
abessive riu’uttamme riu’uittamme
instructive — —
comitative — riukuinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative riukunne riukunne
accusative nom. riukunne riukunne
gen. riukunne
genitive riukunne riukujenne
partitive riukuanne riukujanne
inessive riu’ussanne riu’uissanne
elative riu’ustanne riu’uistanne
illative riukuunne riukuihinne
adessive riu’ullanne riu’uillanne
ablative riu’ultanne riu’uiltanne
allative riu’ullenne riu’uillenne
essive riukunanne riukuinanne
translative riu’uksenne riu’uiksenne
abessive riu’uttanne riu’uittanne
instructive — —
comitative — riukuinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative riukunsa riukunsa
accusative nom. riukunsa riukunsa
gen. riukunsa
genitive riukunsa riukujensa
partitive riukuaan
riukuansa		 riukujaan
riukujansa
inessive riu’ussaan
riu’ussansa		 riu’uissaan
riu’uissansa
elative riu’ustaan
riu’ustansa		 riu’uistaan
riu’uistansa
illative riukuunsa riukuihinsa
adessive riu’ullaan
riu’ullansa		 riu’uillaan
riu’uillansa
ablative riu’ultaan
riu’ultansa		 riu’uiltaan
riu’uiltansa
allative riu’ulleen
riu’ullensa		 riu’uilleen
riu’uillensa
essive riukunaan
riukunansa		 riukuinaan
riukuinansa
translative riu’ukseen
riu’uksensa		 riu’uikseen
riu’uiksensa
abessive riu’uttaan
riu’uttansa		 riu’uittaan
riu’uittansa
instructive — —
comitative — riukuineen
riukuinensa

Synonyms
  • (beanstalk): kukkakeppi
  • (type of latrine): riukula, riukukäymälä

Coordinate terms

Derived terms
compounds

References
  1. Kylstra, A.D.; Hahmo, Sirkka-Liisa; Hofstra, Tette; Nikkilä, Otto. 1991–2012. Lexikon der älteren germanischen Lehnwörter in den ostseefinnischen Sprachen. Amsterdam: Rodopi.

Further reading

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *riuku. Cognates include Finnish riuku and dialectal Estonian riug.

Pronunciation
  • (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈriu̯ku/, [ˈriu̯kŭ̥]
  • (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈriu̯ku/, [ˈriu̯ɡ̊u]
  • Rhymes: -iu̯ku
  • Hyphenation: riu‧ku

Noun

riuku

  1. pole
  2. fence rail

Declension
Declension of riuku (type 4/koivu, iuk-ivv gradation)
singular plural
nominative riuku rivvut
genitive rivvun riukuin, riukuloin
partitive riukua riukuja, riukuloja
illative riukuu riukui, riukuloihe
inessive rivvuus rivvuis, riukulois
elative rivvust rivvuist, riukuloist
allative rivvulle rivvuille, riukuloille
adessive rivvuul rivvuil, riukuloil
ablative rivvult rivvuilt, riukuloilt
translative rivvuks rivvuiks, riukuloiks
essive riukunna, riukuun riukuinna, riukuloinna, riukuin, riukuloin
exessive1) riukunt riukuint, riukuloint
1) obsolete
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive.

Derived terms

References
  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 481

Votic

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *riuku.

Pronunciation
  • (Luutsa, Liivtšülä) IPA(key): /ˈriu̯ku/, [ˈrʲiu̯ku]
  • Rhymes: -iu̯ku
  • Hyphenation: riu‧ku

Noun

riuku

  1. wooden pole

Inflection
Declension of riuku (type II/võrkko, k-g gradation)
singular plural
nominative riuku riugud
genitive riugu riukujõ, riukui
partitive riukua riukuitõ, riukui
illative riukusõ, riuku riukuisõ
inessive riuguz riukuiz
elative riugussõ riukuissõ
allative riugulõ riukuilõ
adessive riugullõ riukuillõ
ablative riugultõ riukuiltõ
translative riugussi riukuissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl)
**) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive.
***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive.

References
  • Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “riuku”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn
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