rester
See also: Rester
English
    
    Etymology
    
From Middle English restar, restere, equivalent to rest + -er.
French
    
    Etymology
    
From Middle French rester, from Old French rester, from Latin restāre. According to the Trésor informatisé, the Old French is a borrowing from Latin. What speaks in favour of this is the preservation of [st], which in a popular word should be simplified to [t] (yielding modern *rêter). Alternatively it could be inherited, but influenced by the Latin.
Pronunciation
    
- IPA(key): /ʁɛs.te/
- audio - (file) 
Verb
    
rester
- (intransitive) to stay
- On est restés à l’hôtel pendant une bonne part du séjour, on était tous malades.- We stayed at the hotel for a good part of the trip, we were all sick.
 
 
- to remain, be left over
- 2018, Zaz, on s'en remet jamais
- Est-ce que tout ce que l’on se promet a pu se perdre dans un désert ? Ne reste-t-il que des poussières une fois que l’amour est absent.- Could everything we hope for have been lost in a desert? Nothing but dust is left once the love is missing.
 
 
 - Il reste un peu de riz dans le frigo, si tu veux.- There remains a bit of rice in the fridge, if you want.
 
 
- 2018, Zaz, on s'en remet jamais
- to stay, to remain (to continue to have a particular quality)
- Elle est restée comme elle était quand je l’ai rencontrée.- She remained as she was when I met her.
 
 
- (rare) to rest
- (North America) to live
- Moi, je reste au Québec.- Me, I live in Quebec.
 
 
Conjugation
    
Conjugation of rester (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | rester | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | être + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | restant /ʁɛs.tɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | étant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | resté /ʁɛs.te/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | reste /ʁɛst/ | restes /ʁɛst/ | reste /ʁɛst/ | restons /ʁɛs.tɔ̃/ | restez /ʁɛs.te/ | restent /ʁɛst/ | 
| imperfect | restais /ʁɛs.tɛ/ | restais /ʁɛs.tɛ/ | restait /ʁɛs.tɛ/ | restions /ʁɛs.tjɔ̃/ | restiez /ʁɛs.tje/ | restaient /ʁɛs.tɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | restai /ʁɛs.te/ | restas /ʁɛs.ta/ | resta /ʁɛs.ta/ | restâmes /ʁɛs.tam/ | restâtes /ʁɛs.tat/ | restèrent /ʁɛs.tɛʁ/ | |
| future | resterai /ʁɛs.tə.ʁe/ | resteras /ʁɛs.tə.ʁa/ | restera /ʁɛs.tə.ʁa/ | resterons /ʁɛs.tə.ʁɔ̃/ | resterez /ʁɛs.tə.ʁe/ | resteront /ʁɛs.tə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | resterais /ʁɛs.tə.ʁɛ/ | resterais /ʁɛs.tə.ʁɛ/ | resterait /ʁɛs.tə.ʁɛ/ | resterions /ʁɛs.tə.ʁjɔ̃/ | resteriez /ʁɛs.tə.ʁje/ | resteraient /ʁɛs.tə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) | present perfect | present indicative of être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of être + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of être + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of être + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of être + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) | present | reste /ʁɛst/ | restes /ʁɛst/ | reste /ʁɛst/ | restions /ʁɛs.tjɔ̃/ | restiez /ʁɛs.tje/ | restent /ʁɛst/ | 
| imperfect2 | restasse /ʁɛs.tas/ | restasses /ʁɛs.tas/ | restât /ʁɛs.ta/ | restassions /ʁɛs.ta.sjɔ̃/ | restassiez /ʁɛs.ta.sje/ | restassent /ʁɛs.tas/ | |
| (compound tenses) | past | present subjunctive of être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of être + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | reste /ʁɛst/ | — | restons /ʁɛs.tɔ̃/ | restez /ʁɛs.te/ | — | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of être + past participle | — | simple imperative of être + past participle | simple imperative of être + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
| 2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: 
 (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
    
Further reading
    
- “rester”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Ladin
    
    
Conjugation
    
- Ladin conjugation varies from one region to another. Hence, the following conjugation should be considered as typical, not as exhaustive.
Conjugation of rester (first conjugation)
| infinitive | rester, resté | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| auxiliary verb | avei | gerund | restan | |||
| past participle | resté | |||||
| person | singular | plural | ||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| indicative | ie | tu | el / ela | nos | vos | ei / eles | 
| present | reste, resteie | restes, resteies | resta, resteia, restea | reston | resteis | resta, resteia | 
| imperfect | restove | restoves | restova | restovan | restovais | restova | 
| future | restaré | restaras | restarà | restaron | restareis | restarà | 
| subjunctive | che ie | che tu | che el / ela | che nos | che vos | che ei / eles | 
| present | reste, resteie | restes, resteies | reste, resteie | reston | resteis | reste | 
| imperfect | restasse | restasses | restassa | restassan | restassais | restassa | 
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | 
| — | resta, resteia | — | reston | restede | — | |
Norwegian Bokmål
    
    
Old French
    
    
Conjugation
    
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. This verb is highly irregular. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | rester | estre resté, resteü | |||||
| gerund | en restant | gerund of estre + past participle | |||||
| present participle | restant | ||||||
| past participle | resté, resteü | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses | present | restois | restas, restais | resta, restait | restons | restez | restont | 
| imperfect | restoie, resteie, restoe, resteve | restoies, resteies, restoes, resteves | restoit, resteit, restot, resteve | restiiens, restiens | restiiez, restiez | restoient, resteient, restoent, restevent | |
| preterite | restui, restai | resteüs, restas | restut, resta | resteümes, restames | resteüstes, restastes | resturent, resterent | |
| future | resterai | resteras | restera | resterons | resteroiz, restereiz, resterez | resteront | |
| conditional | resteroie, restereie | resteroies, restereies | resteroit, restereit | resteriiens, resteriens | resteriiez, resteriez | resteroient, restereient | |
| compound tenses | present perfect | present tense of estre + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense of estre + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense of estre + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense of estre + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense of estre + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses | present | restoise, restace | restoises, restaces | restoise, restoist, restace | restons | restez | restoisent, restacent | 
| imperfect | resteüsse, restasse | resteüsses, restasses | resteüst, restast | resteüssons, resteüssiens, restissons, restissiens | resteüssoiz, resteüssez, resteüssiez, restissoiz, restissez, restissiez | resteüssent, restassent | |
| compound tenses | past | present subjunctive of estre + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of estre + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | resta | — | restons | restez | — | ||
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