mourir
French
Etymology
Inherited from Middle French mourir, from Old French morir, from Latin morīrī, variant of morī.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /mu.ʁiʁ/
audio (file) - Rhymes: -iʁ
Verb
mourir
- (intransitive) to die; to be dying
- (figuratively, with "de") to be dying (of)
- Je meurs de faim ― I'm dying of hunger
- (reflexive) to be dying
- 1649, Jacques Bénigne Bossuet, Oraison funèbre de Henriette-Anne d'Angleterre:
- Ô nuit désastreuse ! ô nuit effroyable, où retentit tout à coup, comme un éclat de tonnerre, cette étonnante nouvelle : Madame se meurt, Madame est morte !
- O disastrous night! O terrible night, in which suddenly rings out, like a thunderclap, the shocking news: Madame is dying, Madame is dead!
Conjugation
Conjugation of mourir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | mourir | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | être + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | mourant /mu.ʁɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | étant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | mort /mɔʁ/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | meurs /mœʁ/ |
meurs /mœʁ/ |
meurt /mœʁ/ |
mourons /mu.ʁɔ̃/ |
mourez /mu.ʁe/ |
meurent /mœʁ/ |
| imperfect | mourais /mu.ʁɛ/ |
mourais /mu.ʁɛ/ |
mourait /mu.ʁɛ/ |
mourions /mu.ʁjɔ̃/ |
mouriez /mu.ʁje/ |
mouraient /mu.ʁɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | mourus /mu.ʁy/ |
mourus /mu.ʁy/ |
mourut /mu.ʁy/ |
mourûmes /mu.ʁym/ |
mourûtes /mu.ʁyt/ |
moururent /mu.ʁyʁ/ | |
| future | mourrai /muʁ.ʁe/ |
mourras /muʁ.ʁa/ |
mourra /muʁ.ʁa/ |
mourrons /muʁ.ʁɔ̃/ |
mourrez /muʁ.ʁe/ |
mourront /muʁ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | mourrais /muʁ.ʁɛ/ |
mourrais /muʁ.ʁɛ/ |
mourrait /muʁ.ʁɛ/ |
mourrions /muʁ.ʁjɔ̃/ |
mourriez /muʁ.ʁje/ |
mourraient /muʁ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of être + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of être + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of être + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of être + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | meure /mœʁ/ |
meures /mœʁ/ |
meure /mœʁ/ |
mourions /mu.ʁjɔ̃/ |
mouriez /mu.ʁje/ |
meurent /mœʁ/ |
| imperfect2 | mourusse /mu.ʁys/ |
mourusses /mu.ʁys/ |
mourût /mu.ʁy/ |
mourussions /mu.ʁy.sjɔ̃/ |
mourussiez /mu.ʁy.sje/ |
mourussent /mu.ʁys/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of être + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of être + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | meurs /mœʁ/ |
— | mourons /mu.ʁɔ̃/ |
mourez /mu.ʁe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of être + past participle | — | simple imperative of être + past participle | simple imperative of être + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Synonyms
Further reading
- “mourir”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012.
Middle French
Etymology
From Old French morir.
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