kauha

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kauha, borrowed from Proto-Baltic *káuˀ-, from Proto-Indo-European *kowh₂-, from the root *kewh₂-. Compare Lithuanian káušas (“ladle, dipper, big spoon”).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkɑu̯hɑ/, [ˈkɑ̝u̯ɦɑ̝]
  • Rhymes: -ɑuhɑ
  • Syllabification(key): kau‧ha

Noun

kauha

  1. ladle, dipper (cup-shaped vessel with a long handle, for dipping out liquids)
    Synonyms: kousa, kousikka, koussikka, kousu
  2. scoop (cup- or bowl-shaped tool, usually with a handle, used to lift and move loose or soft solid material)
  3. bucket, scoop (digging attachment a front-loader or similar)

Declension
Inflection of kauha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
nominative kauha kauhat
genitive kauhan kauhojen
partitive kauhaa kauhoja
illative kauhaan kauhoihin
singular plural
nominative kauha kauhat
accusative nom. kauha kauhat
gen. kauhan
genitive kauhan kauhojen
kauhainrare
partitive kauhaa kauhoja
inessive kauhassa kauhoissa
elative kauhasta kauhoista
illative kauhaan kauhoihin
adessive kauhalla kauhoilla
ablative kauhalta kauhoilta
allative kauhalle kauhoille
essive kauhana kauhoina
translative kauhaksi kauhoiksi
abessive kauhatta kauhoitta
instructive — kauhoin
comitative See the possessive forms below.
Possessive forms of kauha (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation)
first-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kauhani kauhani
accusative nom. kauhani kauhani
gen. kauhani
genitive kauhani kauhojeni
kauhainirare
partitive kauhaani kauhojani
inessive kauhassani kauhoissani
elative kauhastani kauhoistani
illative kauhaani kauhoihini
adessive kauhallani kauhoillani
ablative kauhaltani kauhoiltani
allative kauhalleni kauhoilleni
essive kauhanani kauhoinani
translative kauhakseni kauhoikseni
abessive kauhattani kauhoittani
instructive — —
comitative — kauhoineni
second-person singular possessor
singular plural
nominative kauhasi kauhasi
accusative nom. kauhasi kauhasi
gen. kauhasi
genitive kauhasi kauhojesi
kauhaisirare
partitive kauhaasi kauhojasi
inessive kauhassasi kauhoissasi
elative kauhastasi kauhoistasi
illative kauhaasi kauhoihisi
adessive kauhallasi kauhoillasi
ablative kauhaltasi kauhoiltasi
allative kauhallesi kauhoillesi
essive kauhanasi kauhoinasi
translative kauhaksesi kauhoiksesi
abessive kauhattasi kauhoittasi
instructive — —
comitative — kauhoinesi
first-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kauhamme kauhamme
accusative nom. kauhamme kauhamme
gen. kauhamme
genitive kauhamme kauhojemme
kauhaimmerare
partitive kauhaamme kauhojamme
inessive kauhassamme kauhoissamme
elative kauhastamme kauhoistamme
illative kauhaamme kauhoihimme
adessive kauhallamme kauhoillamme
ablative kauhaltamme kauhoiltamme
allative kauhallemme kauhoillemme
essive kauhanamme kauhoinamme
translative kauhaksemme kauhoiksemme
abessive kauhattamme kauhoittamme
instructive — —
comitative — kauhoinemme
second-person plural possessor
singular plural
nominative kauhanne kauhanne
accusative nom. kauhanne kauhanne
gen. kauhanne
genitive kauhanne kauhojenne
kauhainnerare
partitive kauhaanne kauhojanne
inessive kauhassanne kauhoissanne
elative kauhastanne kauhoistanne
illative kauhaanne kauhoihinne
adessive kauhallanne kauhoillanne
ablative kauhaltanne kauhoiltanne
allative kauhallenne kauhoillenne
essive kauhananne kauhoinanne
translative kauhaksenne kauhoiksenne
abessive kauhattanne kauhoittanne
instructive — —
comitative — kauhoinenne
third-person possessor
singular plural
nominative kauhansa kauhansa
accusative nom. kauhansa kauhansa
gen. kauhansa
genitive kauhansa kauhojensa
kauhainsarare
partitive kauhaansa kauhojaan
kauhojansa
inessive kauhassaan
kauhassansa		 kauhoissaan
kauhoissansa
elative kauhastaan
kauhastansa		 kauhoistaan
kauhoistansa
illative kauhaansa kauhoihinsa
adessive kauhallaan
kauhallansa		 kauhoillaan
kauhoillansa
ablative kauhaltaan
kauhaltansa		 kauhoiltaan
kauhoiltansa
allative kauhalleen
kauhallensa		 kauhoilleen
kauhoillensa
essive kauhanaan
kauhanansa		 kauhoinaan
kauhoinansa
translative kauhakseen
kauhaksensa		 kauhoikseen
kauhoiksensa
abessive kauhattaan
kauhattansa		 kauhoittaan
kauhoittansa
instructive — —
comitative — kauhoineen
kauhoinensa

Derived terms
compounds

See also

Further reading
  • “kauha”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎ (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-02
  • Koponen, Eino, Ruppel, Klaas, Aapala, Kirsti, editors (2002–2008), Álgu database: Etymological database of the Saami languages‎, Helsinki: Research Institute for the Languages of Finland

Anagrams

Karelian
Regional variants of kauha
North Karelian
(Viena)		 kauha
South Karelian
(Tver)		 kauha

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kauha. Cognates include Finnish kauha and Veps kauh.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈkɑu̯hɑ/
  • Hyphenation: kau‧ha

Noun

kauha (genitive kauhan, partitive kauhua, diminutive kauhani／kauhane)

  1. kovsh (drinking bowl)
  2. (North Karelian) ladle (deep-bowled spoon)

Declension
Viena Karelian declension of kauha (type 4/kala, no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kauha kauhat
genitive kauhan kauhojen
partitive kauhua kauhoja
illative kauhah kauhoih
inessive kauhašša kauhoissa
elative kauhašta kauhoista
adessive kauhalla kauhoilla
ablative kauhalta kauhoilta
translative kauhakši kauhoiksi
essive kauhana kauhoina
comitative — kauhoineh
abessive kauhatta kauhoitta
Tver Karelian declension of kauha (type 4/kala no gradation)
singular plural
nominative kauha kauhat
genitive kauhan kauhoin
partitive kauhua kauhoida
illative kauhah kauhoih
inessive kauhašša kauhoissa
elative kauhašta kauhoista
adessive kauhalla kauhoilla
ablative kauhalda kauhoilda
translative kauhakši kauhoiksi
essive kauhana kauhoina
comitative kauhanke kauhoinke
abessive kauhatta kauhoitta
Possessive forms of kauha
1st person kauhani
2nd person kauhaš
3rd person kauhah
*) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses.

Synonyms

References
  • A. V. Punzhina (1994) “kauha”, in Словарь карельского языка (тверские говоры) [Dictionary of the Karelian language (Tver dialects)], →ISBN
  • P. Zaykov, L. Rugoyeva (1999) “kauha”, in Карельско-Русский словарь (Северно-Карельские диалекты) [Karelian-Russian dictionary (North Karelian dialects)], Petrozavodsk, →ISBN
  • P. M. Zaykov et al. (2015) “половник”, in Venäjä-Viena Šanakirja [Russian-Viena Karelian Dictionary], →ISBN
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