esperar

Inherited from Latin spērāre.

esperar (first-person singular indicative present espero, past participle esperáu)

1. to wait
2. to hope
3. to expect

Inherited from Latin spērāre.

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [əs.pəˈɾa]
• IPA^(key): (Valencian) [es.peˈɾaɾ]

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• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

esperar (first-person singular present espero, first-person singular preterite esperí, past participle esperat); root stress: (Central, Valencian, Balearic) /e/

1. to wait, wait for, await
2. to hope
3. to expect
4. (takes a reflexive pronoun) to expect

• esperar-se

• esperança

• “esperar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “esperar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

• asperar

From Old Galician-Portuguese esperar (from 13th c.), inherited from Latin spērāre.

• IPA^(key): [espeˈɾaɾ]

esperar (first-person singular present espero, first-person singular preterite esperei, past participle esperado)

1. to wait

   Synonym: agardar

2. to hope

• “esperar”, in Dicionario da Real Academia Galega (in Galician), A Coruña: Royal Galician Academy, since 2012

• “esperar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios do galego medieval, SLI - ILGA 2006–2022.
• “esper” in Xavier Varela Barreiro & Xavier Gómez Guinovart: Corpus Xelmírez - Corpus lingüístico da Galicia medieval. SLI / Grupo TALG / ILG, 2006–2018.
• “esperar” in Dicionario de Dicionarios da lingua galega, SLI - ILGA 2006–2013.
• “esperar” in Tesouro informatizado da lingua galega. Santiago: ILG.
• “esperar” in Álvarez, Rosario (coord.): Tesouro do léxico patrimonial galego e portugués, Santiago de Compostela: Instituto da Lingua Galega.

Borrowed from Esperanto esperi, French espérer, Italian sperare, Spanish esperar, all from Latin spērō.

• IPA^(key): /espeˈrar/

esperar (present tense esperas, past tense esperis, future tense esperos, imperative esperez, conditional esperus)

1. to hope

• desesperigar (“to drive to despair; to dishearten, depress, despond”)

From Old Occitan esperar, inherited from Latin spērāre.

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esperar

1. to hope
2. to wait

• esperança

• asperar

Inherited from Latin spērāre.

esperar

1. to wait (for), await
   • c. 1200, Almerich, La fazienda de ultramar, (published by Moshé Lazar, 1965, Salamanca: Universidad de Salamanca, page 211):

     En est logar dize Ysayas de Messias que esperan los Judios e non conoscen com es venido.

     In this place, Isaiah speaks of the Messiah whom the Jews await, and whom they don't know he [already] came.

2. to hope, expect
   • c. 1280, Alfonso X, General Estoria, tercera parte, (published by Pedro Sánchez-Prieto Borja and Bautista Horcajada Diezma, 1994, Madrid: Gredos):

     mientre fían en los ídolos, que son cosas sin entendimiento e sin alma, juran mal, e esperan que les non nozirá.

     While putting trust in idols, which are things without understanding nor soul, they wrongly make oaths and expect it will not harm them.

3. to trust completely (in God)
   • c. 1280, Alfonso X, General Estoria, tercera parte, (published by Pedro Sánchez-Prieto Borja and Bautista Horcajada Diezma, 1994, Madrid: Gredos):

     Toda palabra de Dios es escudo fecho con fuego para los que esperan en él.

     The word of God is a shield made of fire for those who trust in Him.

• Ladin: asperar
• Spanish: esperar

• Joan Coromines, José A. Pascual (1984) “esperar”, in Diccionario crítico etimológico castellano e hispánico (in Spanish), volumes II (Ce–F), Madrid: Gredos, →ISBN, page 740

From Old Galician-Portuguese esperar, inherited from Latin spērāre.

esperar (first-person singular present espero, first-person singular preterite esperei, past participle esperado)

1. to wait
   1. (intransitive, or transitive with por or with no preposition) to wait (for); to await

      Eu espero por sua resposta. ― I await your response.

      Fiquei esperando no carro. ― I waited in the car.

      Synonym: aguardar

   2. (transitive, auxiliary with a verb in the personal infinitive as the second object) to wait for (not to do anything until)

      Espere o João chegar. ― Wait for John to arrive.

      Synonym: aguardar

2. to hope
   1. (transitive with por) to hope for (to really want something)

      Eles esperam pelo fim da guerra. ― They hope for the end of the war.

   2. (ditransitive, with the indirect object taking que and a verb in the present subjunctive) to hope (that) someone does something

      Eu espero que gostes do presente. ― I hope you like the gift.

   3. (auxiliary with a verb in the personal or impersonal infinitive) to hope something can be done

      Esperávamos comer alguma coisa hoje. ― We were hoping to eat something today.

3. (intransitive, or transitive with por or with no preposition) to expect; to anticipate (to know or think that something will happen)

   É melhor do que eu esperava. ― It is better than I expected.

   Eu já esperava por isso mesmo. ― I was expecting this anyway.

   Synonym: aguardar

• “esperar” in Dicionário Aberto based on Novo Diccionário da Língua Portuguesa de Cândido de Figueiredo, 1913

From Old Spanish esperar, inherited from Latin spērāre.

• IPA^(key): /espeˈɾaɾ/ [es.peˈɾaɾ]

• Audio:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɾ
• Syllabification: es‧pe‧rar

esperar (first-person singular present espero, first-person singular preterite esperé, past participle esperado)

1. (transitive) to hope for, hope to (with a subjunctive or same-subject infinitive)

   Synonym: tener esperanza de que

   esperar con interés ― to look forward to, to eagerly await

   En vano esperaron mejores días. ― They hoped for better days in vain.

   Esperamos llegar a viejos juntos. ― We hope we'll grow old together.

   Ella espera ya estar casada cuando tenga treinta. ― She hopes she'll be already married when she's 30 years old.

   Espera que no sea necesario. ― He hopes it won't be necessary.

2. (transitive) to expect (often with a verb in the indicative)

   Synonym: anticipar

   Ellos esperan encontrar muchas dificultades. ― They expect to come across many hardships.

   Esperamos un clima adverso mañana. ― We're expecting unfavourable weather tomorrow.

   Los estudiantes esperan que no será fácil el examen. ― The students expect the exam won't be easy.

   Los huéspedes esperan que les ayudaremos. ― The guests expect we'll help them.

3. (intransitive or transitive) to wait, wait for, await (possibly with a + subjunctive)

   Por favor espera aquí. ― Please wait here.

   Te he esperado por media hora. ― I have waited for you for half an hour.

   Espero con ansias tu llegada. ― I am anxiously waiting for your arrival.

   ¡Espera a que la conozcas en persona! ― Wait till you meet her in person!

   Estamos esperando a que se suavice la lluvia. ― We're waiting for the rain to get less heavy.

4. (intransitive, reflexive) to wait, to hold on (reflexive for emphatic use)

   ¡Espera! ¡Espérate tantito! ― Wait! Hold on for a sec!

5. (reflexive, impersonal) to be expected

   Se espera que el huracán llegue mañana. ― The hurricane is expected to come tomorrow.

• aguardar
• ojalá

• “esperar”, in Diccionario de la lengua española, Vigésima tercera edición, Real Academia Española, 2014