branden
Catalan
    
    
Danish
    
    
Dutch
    
    Pronunciation
    
- IPA(key): /ˈbrɑndə(n)/
 audio (file) - Hyphenation: bran‧den
 - Rhymes: -ɑndən
 
Etymology 1
    
From Middle Dutch branden, a backformation from the past forms brande, gebrant of barnen, bernen, from Old Dutch *bernan, metathesis of brennan, from Proto-Germanic *brannijaną. Displaced the form barnen. The sense “to write to a storage medium” is a semantic loan from English burn.
According to Etymologisch Woordenboek van het Nederlands, the Middle Dutch past forms brande, gebrant were formed anew from barnde, gebarnt by analogy with the related noun brand (“fire”), thus involving a kind of "re-metathesis". However, it appears more plausible that those forms survived unaltered (alongside the regularised forms) because the consonant cluster -nd- hampered the metathesis (as it clearly did in brand). The regular a-vocalism is due to Rückumlaut (cf. German brannte, gebrannt). Only the backformation of the present stem brand- would have been influenced by the noun.
Verb
    
branden
Inflection
    
Derived terms
    
- aanbranden
 - afbranden
 - dichtbranden
 - doodbranden
 - doorbranden
 - herbranden
 - inbranden
 - losbranden
 - nabranden
 - neerbranden
 - ontbranden
 - opbranden
 - openbranden
 - platbranden
 - uitbranden
 - verbranden
 - vooruitbranden
 - wegbranden
 
Etymology 2
    
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Galician
    
    
German
    
    Pronunciation
    
Audio (file) 
Verb
    
branden (weak, third-person singular present brandet, past tense brandete, past participle gebrandet, auxiliary haben)
Conjugation
    
| infinitive | branden | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present participle | brandend | ||||
| past participle | gebrandet | ||||
| auxiliary | haben | ||||
| indicative | subjunctive | ||||
| singular | plural | singular | plural | ||
| present | ich brande | wir branden | i | ich brande | wir branden | 
| du brandest | ihr brandet | du brandest | ihr brandet | ||
| er brandet | sie branden | er brande | sie branden | ||
| preterite | ich brandete | wir brandeten | ii | ich brandete1 | wir brandeten1 | 
| du brandetest | ihr brandetet | du brandetest1 | ihr brandetet1 | ||
| er brandete | sie brandeten | er brandete1 | sie brandeten1 | ||
| imperative | brand (du) brande (du)  | 
brandet (ihr) | |||
1Rare except in very formal contexts; alternative in würde normally preferred.
Derived terms
    
Middle Dutch
    
    
Inflection
    
| Weak | ||
|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | branden | |
| 3rd sg. past | — | |
| 3rd pl. past | — | |
| Past participle | — | |
| Infinitive | branden | |
| In genitive | brandens | |
| In dative | brandene | |
| Indicative | Present | Past | 
| 1st singular | brande | — | 
| 2nd singular | brants, brandes | — | 
| 3rd singular | brant, brandet | — | 
| 1st plural | branden | — | 
| 2nd plural | brant, brandet | — | 
| 3rd plural | branden | — | 
| Subjunctive | Present | Past | 
| 1st singular | brande | — | 
| 2nd singular | brants, brandes | — | 
| 3rd singular | brande | — | 
| 1st plural | branden | — | 
| 2nd plural | brant, brandet | — | 
| 3rd plural | branden | — | 
| Imperative | Present | |
| Singular | brant, brande | |
| Plural | brant, brandet | |
| Present | Past | |
| Participle | brandende | — | 
Derived terms
    
Descendants
    
- Dutch: branden
 - Limburgish: branje
 
Further reading
    
- Verwijs, E., Verdam, J. (1885–1929) “branden”, in Middelnederlandsch Woordenboek, The Hague: Martinus Nijhoff, →ISBN
 
Middle English
    
    
Pronunciation
    
- IPA(key): /ˈbrandən/, /ˈbraːndən/
 - (from OE brond) IPA(key): /ˈbrɔndən/, /ˈbrɔːndən/
 
Conjugation
    
| infinitive | (to) branden, brande | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| present tense | past tense | ||
| 1st-person singular | brande | brante, branded | |
| 2nd-person singular | brandest | brantest, brandedest | |
| 3rd-person singular | brandeth | brante, branded | |
| subjunctive singular | brande | ||
| imperative singular | — | ||
| plural1 | branden, brande | branten, brante, brandeden, brandede | |
| imperative plural | brandeth, brande | — | |
| participles | brandynge, brandende | brant, branded, ybrant, ybranded | |
1Sometimes used as a formal 2nd-person singular.
Descendants
    
- English: brand
 
References
    
- “brā̆nden, v.”, in MED Online, Ann Arbor, Mich.: University of Michigan, 2007.