< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic
Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/yïr
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This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Turkic
Declension
Declension of *yïr
| Singular 3) | |
|---|---|
| Nominative | *yïr |
| Accusative | *yïrnï, *yïrïg 4), *yïrnïg 1) |
| Genitive | *yïrnïŋ |
| Dative | *yïrka |
| Locative | *yïrta |
| Ablative | *yïrtan |
| Allative | *yïrgaru |
| Instrumental 2) | *yïrïn |
| Equative 2) | *yïrča |
| Similative 2) | *yïrlayu |
| Comitative 2) | *yïrlïgu |
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
Descendants
- Oghuz
- Karluk
- Karakhanid: ییٖرْ (yïr)
- Kipchak
- Siberian
References
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 192
- Doerfer, Gerhard (1975) Türkische und mongolische Elemente im Neupersischen [Turkic and Mongolian Elements in New Persian] (Akademie der Wissenschaften und der Literatur: Veröffentlichungen der Orientalischen Kommission; 21) (in German), volume IV, Wiesbaden: Franz Steiner Verlag, page 233
- Sevortjan, E. V., Levitskaja, L. S. (1989) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume IV, Moscow: Nauka, page 285
- Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, pages 166, 201
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*ɨr”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*jɨr”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- Tenišev E. R., editor (1984–2006), Sravnitelʹno-istoričeskaja grammatika tjurkskix jazykov: [Comparative Historical Grammar of Turkic Languages:] (in Russian), Moscow: Nauka, page 610
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