< Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic

Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/uruk

This Proto-Turkic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Turkic

Etymology

From *ur- (“to hit; to place”) +‎ *-uk. Cognate with *urkan (“rope”). According to Clauson some forms with the meaning "lasso" go back to *ukruk (“lasso”) instead.

Noun

*uruk

  1. rope
    Synonyms: *urkan, *ȫrken, *arkan

Declension
Declension of *uruk
Singular 3)
Nominative *uruk
Accusative *uruknï, *urukug 4), *uruknïg 1)
Genitive *uruknïŋ
Dative *urukka
Locative *urukda
Ablative *urukdan
Allative *urukgaru
Instrumental 2) *urukun
Equative 2) *urukča
Similative 2) *uruklayu
Comitative 2) *uruklugu
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.

Descendants
  • Oghur:
    • → Hungarian: hurok[1]
  • Common Turkic:
  • Karluk:
  • Kipchak:
    • East Kipchak:
  • Siberian:
    • Old Uyghur: ՚wrwk (uruq)
    • South Siberian:
      • Sayan Turkic:
        • Tuvan: урук (uruk, “lasso pole”)
      • Yenisei:
        • Khakas: урух (urux)
        • Shor: уруқ (uruq)
  • →? Proto-Mongolic: *hurïka[2][3]
  • →? Proto-Tungusic: *purka

References
  1. Róna-Tas, András, Berta, Árpád, Károly, László (2011) West Old Turkic: Turkic Loanwords in Hungarian (Turcologica; 84), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz Verlag, pages 431-436
  2. Nugteren, Hans (2011) Mongolic phonology and the Qinghai-Gansu languages (dissertation)‎, Utrecht: LOT, page 364
  3. Sanžejev, G. D., Orlovskaja, M. N., Ševernina, Z. V. (2015–) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ mongolʹskix jazykov: v 3 t. [Etymological dictionary of Mongolic languages: in 3 vols.] (in Russian), volume III, Moscow: Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, page 202
  • Clauson, Gerard (1972) “”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 215
  • Räsänen, Martti (1969) Versuch eines etymologischen Wörterbuchs der Türksprachen (in German), Helsinki: Suomalais-ugrilainen seura, page 516
  • Sevortjan, E. V. (1974) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume 1, Moscow: Nauka, pages 585, 602-603
  • Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*uruk”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8)‎, Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
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