< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/jьti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *eitei, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁éyti (“to go”). Cognates include Lithuanian eĩti (“to go, walk”), Latin eō (“to go”).

The suppletive past participle stem *šьd- is likely from the same root as *xoditi, although the exact derivation of the form is problematic.[1]

Verb

*jьti impf[2][3]

  1. to go

Conjugation
Conjugation of *jьti, *jьde, *jьdetь (impf., intr., suppletive -C-, _/ox-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*šьstьje *jьti *jьtъ *šьdlъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive — —
Active *šьdъ *jьdy
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *jьd(ox)ъ*jьde*jьde *jьdǫ*jьdeši*jьdetь
Dual *jьd(ox)ově*jьd(e/os)ta*jьd(e/os)te *jьdevě*jьdeta*jьdete
Plural *jьd(ox)omъ*jьd(e/os)te*jьdǫ, *jьdošę *jьdemъ*jьdete*jьdǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *jьděaxъ*jьděaše*jьděaše —*jьdi*jьdi
Dual *jьděaxově*jьděašeta*jьděašete *jьděvě*jьděta—
Plural *jьděaxomъ*jьděašete*jьděaxǫ *jьděmъ*jьděte—

Derived terms
  • *dojьti (“to arrive”)
  • *najьti (“to chance upon, to find”)
  • *niz(о)jьti (“to descend, to go down”)
  • *ob(о)jьti (“to go around, to evade”)
  • *perjьti (“to get across”)
  • *pojьti (“to depart”)
  • *prijьti (“to approach, to come towards”)
  • *projьti (“to pass by, to overpass”)
  • *vъz(o)jьti (“to accend, to go up”)
  • *zajьti (“to proceed”)

Descendants

ісці́ (iscí), идти́ (idtí), iść, ísť are back-formed from the present stem and/or after Proto-Slavic *sěsti (to sit).

  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: ити (iti)
      • Old Ruthenian: ити́ (ití), исти́ (istí)
      • Russian: идти́ (idtí)
  • South Slavic:
  • West Slavic:
    • Old Czech: jíti
    • Old Polish: ić
      • Masurian: iszcz (through regularization)
      • Polish: iść (through regularization)
      • Silesian: iść (through regularization)
    • Slovak: ísť
    • Polabian: ai̯t
    • Pomeranian:
      • Kashubian: jic
      • Slovincian: jyc
    • Sorbian:

Further reading
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “идти”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 337
  • Sreznevsky, Izmail I. (1893) “идти”, in Матеріалы для Словаря древне-русскаго языка по письменнымъ памятникамъ [Materials for the Dictionary of the Old East Slavic Language Based on Written Monuments]‎ (in Russian), volumes 1 (А – К), Saint Petersburg: Department of Russian Language and Literature of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, column 1023

References
  1. Kortlandt, Frederik (1988) “Remarks on Winter's law”, in Andre van Holk, editor, Dutch contributions to the 10th international congress of slavists, Sofia, Amsterdam: Rodopi
  2. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*jiti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 216: “v. ‘go’”
  3. Olander, Thomas (2001) “iti: jьdǫ jьdetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “b gå (PR 136)”
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