< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic

Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/řuti

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₃rew- (“to roar”). Cognate with Latin rāvis (“hoarse”), rūmor (“rumor”), Sanskrit रव (rava, “roaring, howling”), Ancient Greek ὠρύομαι (ōrúomai, “to howl, roar”).[1]

Verb

*řuti[2][3][4]

  1. to roar

Inflection

The original inflection appears to have e-grade in the infinitive and o-grade in the present. In some descendants, this alternation was levelled, either by replacing the present stem with the e-grade *rev-, or the infinitive stem with the o-grade *ru-.

Conjugation of *řuti, *řu, *rovetь (?, -V/C-, s-aorist, accent paradigm c)
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*řutьje *řuti *řutъ *řulъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *řutъ *rovomъ
Active *rovъ *rovy
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *řuxъ*řu*řu *rovǫ*roveši*rovetь
Dual *řuxově*řusta*řuste *rovevě*roveta*rovete
Plural *řuxomъ*řuste*řušę *rovemъ*rovete*rovǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st2nd3rd 1st2nd3rd
Singular *rověaxъ*rověaše*rověaše —*rovi*rovi
Dual *rověaxově*rověašeta*rověašete *rověvě*rověta—
Plural *rověaxomъ*rověašete*rověaxǫ *rověmъ*rověte—

Alternative forms
  • *ruti

Derived terms
  • *rujьnъ
  • *rujьe

Descendants
  • East Slavic:
    • Old East Slavic: рюти (rjuti), рꙋти (ruti)
  • South Slavic:
    • Old Church Slavonic:
      Cyrillic: роути (ruti)
      Glagolitic: [Term?]
      • Church Slavonic: рюти (rjuti)
    • Bulgarian: рева́ (revá)
    • Macedonian: реве (reve)
    • Serbo-Croatian:
      Cyrillic script: рѐвати
      Latin script: rèvati
    • Slovene: rjúti (tonal orthography)
  • West Slavic:

Further reading
  • Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “реве́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 2 (панцирь – ящур), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 103
  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “реву́”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress

References
  1. De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 515
  2. Derksen, Rick (2008) “*ŗuti”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 436: “v. ‘roar’”
  3. Olander, Thomas (2001) “rjuti: rovǫ (revǫ) rovetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎, Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “c (SA 237f.; PR 139)”
  4. Snoj, Marko (2016) “rjúti”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*r'űti, sed. *rȍvǫ (sekundarno tudi nedol. *rűti in sed. *r'ȅvǫ)”
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