< Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic
Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/čitъ
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
Etymology
Possibly from Proto-Balto-Slavic *keiˀtas, cognate with Lithuanian kíetas (“hard, rigid”), Latvian ciêts (“solid”), Albanian citë (“full”).
Declension
Indefinite declension of *čitъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *čitъ | *čita | *čito |
| genitive | *čita | *čity | *čita |
| dative | *čitu | *čitě | *čitu |
| accusative | *čitъ | *čitǫ | *čito |
| instrumental | *čitomь | *čitojǫ | *čitomь |
| locative | *čitě | *čitě | *čitě |
| vocative | *čite | *čito | *čito |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *čita | *čitě | *čitě |
| genitive | *čitu | *čitu | *čitu |
| dative | *čitoma | *čitama | *čitoma |
| accusative | *čita | *čitě | *čitě |
| instrumental | *čitoma | *čitama | *čitoma |
| locative | *čitu | *čitu | *čitu |
| vocative | *čita | *čitě | *čitě |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *čiti | *čity | *čita |
| genitive | *čitъ | *čitъ | *čitъ |
| dative | *čitomъ | *čitamъ | *čitomъ |
| accusative | *čity | *čity | *čita |
| instrumental | *čity | *čitami | *čity |
| locative | *čitěxъ | *čitaxъ | *čitěxъ |
| vocative | *čiti | *čity | *čita |
Definite declension of *čitъ (hard)
| singular | masculine | feminine | neuter |
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *čitъjь | *čitaja | *čitoje |
| genitive | *čitajego | *čityję̇ | *čitajego |
| dative | *čitujemu | *čitěji | *čitujemu |
| accusative | *čitъjь | *čitǫjǫ | *čitoje |
| instrumental | *čityjimь | *čitǫjǫ | *čityjimь |
| locative | *čitějemь | *čitěji | *čitějemь |
| vocative | *čitъjь | *čitaja | *čitoje |
| dual | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *čitaja | *čitěji | *čitěji |
| genitive | *čituju | *čituju | *čituju |
| dative | *čityjima | *čityjima | *čityjima |
| accusative | *čitaja | *čitěji | *čitěji |
| instrumental | *čityjima | *čityjima | *čityjima |
| locative | *čituju | *čituju | *čituju |
| vocative | *čitaja | *čitěji | *čitěji |
| plural | masculine | feminine | neuter |
| nominative | *čitiji | *čityję̇ | *čitaja |
| genitive | *čitъjixъ | *čitъjixъ | *čitъjixъ |
| dative | *čityjimъ | *čityjimъ | *čityjimъ |
| accusative | *čityję̇ | *čityję̇ | *čitaja |
| instrumental | *čityjimi | *čityjimi | *čityjimi |
| locative | *čityjixъ | *čityjixъ | *čityjixъ |
| vocative | *čitiji | *čityję̇ | *čitaja |
Derived terms
- *čitavъ (“whole, intact”)
Descendants
- East Slavic:
- Belarusian: чы́ты (čýty, “sober”) (dialectal)
- Russian: чи́тый (čítyj, “sober”) (dialectal)
- South Slavic:
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic script: чи̏ти
- Latin script: čȉt
- Serbo-Croatian:
Further reading
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1977), “*čitъ(jь)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 4 (*čaběniti – *děľa), Moscow: Nauka, page 124
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