Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/deh₂p-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Etymology

Extension of *deh₂- (“to divide”).

Root

*deh₂p-[1][2]

to sacrifice
to lose

Derived terms

*dh₂p-yé-ti (yé-present) (Beekes prefers a Pre-Greek origin)[3]
- Proto-Hellenic: *dapťō
  - Ancient Greek: δάπτω (dáptō)
*déh₂p-s ~ *dh₂p-és[4]
- Proto-Italic: *daps
  - Latin: daps
*dh₂p-néh₂-ti[5]
- Proto-Germanic: *tappōną
  - Old Norse: tapa
    - Icelandic: tapa
    - Faroese: tapa
    - Norwegian:
      - Norwegian Bokmål: tape
      - Norwegian Nynorsk: tape, tapa
    - Old Swedish: tappa, tapa
      - Swedish: tappa
    - Old Danish: tapæ, tapa
      - Danish: tabe
    - Elfdalian: tappa
    - Gutnish: tappe
    - Scanian: taba
*dh₂p-ni-[6]
- Armenian:
  - Old Armenian: տաւն (tawn)
*dh₂p-nó-m[7][8]
- Proto-Germanic: *tabną
  - Old Norse: tafn
- Proto-Italic: *dapnom
  - Latin: damnum
*dh₂p-(n̥)néh₂
- Proto-Celtic: *daunā
  - Middle Irish: dúan
    - Irish: duan
    - Scottish Gaelic: duan
- Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: δαπάνη (dapánē)
Unsorted formations:
- Proto-Anatolian:
  - Hittite: [script needed] (^LUtappala-, “person responsible for court cooking”)
- Proto-Tocharian:
  - Tocharian A: tāpal (“food”)

References

Pokorny, Julius (1959) “dāp-, dəp-; dəp-no-, -ni-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 176-177
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*deh₂p-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 104
Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “δάπτω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 303
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “daps, -is”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 161
Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*tapp/bōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 510
Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “tawn”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 609s-610
Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*tafna-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 504
De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “damnum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 161

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[1] Pokorny, Julius (1959) “dāp-, dəp-; dəp-no-, -ni-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 176-177

[2] Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*deh₂p-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 104

[3] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “δάπτω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 303

[4] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “daps, -is”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 161

[5] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*tapp/bōn-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 510

[6] Martirosyan, Hrach (2010) “tawn”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Armenian Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 8), Leiden and Boston: Brill, pages 609s-610

[7] Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*tafna-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 504

[8] De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “damnum”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 161