πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½

Gothic

Alternative forms
  • πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πŒ°πŒ½ (gastōþanan) β€” misspelling

Etymology

From *πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπƒ (*gastōþs, β€œsteady”) (of which the negative πŒΏπŒ½πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπƒ (ungastōþs, β€œhomeless”) is attested), from Proto-Indo-European *stehβ‚‚- (β€œto stand”), + -𐌰𐌽 (-ān).

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /Ι‘aˈstoːθaːn/

Verb

πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½ β€’ (gastōþān)

  1. to make upright, cause to stand
    • Romans 14:4:
      𐌸𐌿 πˆπŒ°πƒ πŒΉπƒ, 𐌸𐌿𐌴𐌹 πƒπ„π‰πŒΎπŒΉπƒ π†π‚πŒ°πŒΌπŒ°πŒΈπŒΎπŒ°πŒ½πŒ° πƒπŒΊπŒ°πŒ»πŒΊ? πƒπŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°πŒΌπŒΌπŒ° π†π‚πŒ°πŒΏπŒΎπŒΉπŒ½ πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ 𐌰𐌹𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌿 πŒ³π‚πŒΉπŒΏπƒπŒΉπŒΈ; 𐌰𐌸𐌸𐌰𐌽 πƒπ„πŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒΉπŒΈ; πŒΌπŒ°πŒ·π„πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ²πƒ 𐌰𐌿𐌺 πŒΉπƒπ„ π†π‚πŒ°πŒΏπŒΎπŒ° πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈ[𐌰𐌽]𐌰𐌽 𐌹𐌽𐌰.
      ΓΎu Ζ•as is, ΓΎuei stōjis framaΓΎjana skalk? seinamma fraujin standiΓΎ aiΓΎΓΎau driusiΓΎ; aΓΎΓΎan standiΓΎ; mahteigs auk ist frauja gastōþ[an]an ina.
      Who art thou that judgest another man's servant? to his own master he standeth or falleth. Yea, he shall be holden up: for God is able to make him stand. (KJV)

Conjugation
Class 3 weak
Infinitive πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½
gastōþān
Indicative Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°
gastōþa		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
gastōþaida		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
gastōþāda
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
gastōþais		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πƒ
gastōþaidΔ“s		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΆπŒ°
gastōþāza
3rd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
gastōþaiΓΎ		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°
gastōþaida		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°
gastōþāda
1st dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπ‰πƒ
gastōþōs		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏ
gastōþaidΔ“du		 β€”
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°π„πƒ
gastōþāts		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπ„πƒ
gastōþaidΔ“duts		 β€”
1st plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΌ
gastōþām		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΌ
gastōþaidΔ“dum		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
gastōþānda
2nd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
gastōþaiΓΎ		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒΈ
gastōþaidΔ“duΓΎ		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
gastōþānda
3rd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³
gastōþānd		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΏπŒ½
gastōþaidΔ“dun		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°
gastōþānda
Subjunctive Present Past Present passive
1st singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΏ
gastōþau		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΎπŒ°πŒΏ
gastōþaidΔ“djau		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastōþaidau
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπƒ
gastōþais		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπƒ
gastōþaidΔ“deis		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒΆπŒ°πŒΏ
gastōþaizau
3rd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉ
gastōþai		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒΉ
gastōþaidΔ“di		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastōþaidau
1st dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπ…πŒ°
gastōþaiwa		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ…πŒ°
gastōþaidΔ“deiwa		 β€”
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπ„πƒ
gastōþaits		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπ„πƒ
gastōþaidΔ“deits		 β€”
1st plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
gastōþaima		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΌπŒ°
gastōþaidΔ“deima		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastōþaindau
2nd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
gastōþaiΓΎ		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒΈ
gastōþaidΔ“deiΓΎ		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastōþaindau
3rd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
gastōþaina		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ³πŒ΄πŒ³πŒ΄πŒΉπŒ½πŒ°
gastōþaidΔ“deina		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastōþaindau
Imperative
2nd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉ
gastōþai
3rd singular πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastōþādau
2nd dual πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°π„πƒ
gastōþāts
2nd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈ
gastōþaiþ
3rd plural πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πŒ°πŒΏ
gastōþāndau
Present Past
Participles πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒ½πŒ³πƒ
gastōþānds		 πŒ²πŒ°πƒπ„π‰πŒΈπŒ°πŒΉπŒΈπƒ
gastōþaiþs

Further reading
  • Streitberg, Wilhelm (1910). Die gotische Bibel. Zweiter Teil: Gotisch-griechisch-deutsches WΓΆrterbuch. Heidelberg: Carl Winter’s UniversitΓ€tsbuchhandlung, p. 131
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