鮭

See also: 鲑
鮭 U+9BAD, 鮭
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9BAD
← 鮬
[U+9BAC] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 鮮 →
[U+9BAE]

Translingual

Han character

鮭 (Kangxi radical 195, 魚+6, 17 strokes, cangjie input 弓火土土 (NFGG), four-corner 24314, composition ⿰魚圭)

Derived characters
  • 𫊒

References
  • Kangxi Dictionary: page 1470, character 5
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 46132
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2002, character 24
  • Hanyu Da Zidian (first edition): volume 7, page 4684, character 10
  • Unihan data for U+9BAD

Chinese
trad. 鮭
simp. 鲑

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (圭) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
街 *kreː, *kreː
鞋 *ɡreː, *ɡreː, *ɡreː
娾 *ŋreː, *ŋreːʔ
佳 *kreː
鮭 *ɡreː, *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː
涯 *ŋreː, *ŋre
崖 *ŋreː, *ŋre
啀 *ŋreː
厓 *ŋreː
捱 *ŋreː
睚 *ŋreːs
娃 *qreː
洼 *qreː, *qʷraː, *kʷeː
哇 *qreː, *qʷraː
胿 *ɡeː, *kʷeː
溎 *qeːns
觟 *ɡʷraːʔ
黊 *ɡʷraːʔ, *ɡʷreːs, *ɡʷeː
蘳 *ɡʷraːʔ, *qʰʷe
蛙 *qʷraː, *qʷreː
窪 *qʷraː
卦 *kʷreːs
挂 *kʷreːs
掛 *kʷreːs
詿 *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs
罣 *kʷreːs, *ɡʷreːs, *kʷeːs
絓 *kʰʷreː, *ɡʷreːs
鼃 *ɢʷreː, *qʷreː
圭 *kʷeː
珪 *kʷeː
邽 *kʷeː
閨 *kʷeː
袿 *kʷeː
窐 *kʷeː, *ɡʷeː
茥 *kʷeː, *kʰʷeː
桂 *kʷeːs
筀 *kʷeːs
奎 *kʰʷeː
刲 *kʰʷeː
蝰 *kʰʷeː
楏 *kʰʷeː
睳 *qʰʷeː
畦 *ɡʷeː
眭 *ɡʷeː, *sqʰʷe, *qʰʷe, *qʰʷi
烓 *qʷeː, *kʰʷeːŋʔ
跬 *kʰʷeʔ
恚 *qʷes
硅 *qʰʷreɡ

Pronunciation 1

Rime
Character 鮭
Reading # 1/3
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 齊 (40)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 古攜切
Baxter kwej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kwei/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʷei/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kuɛi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kwɛj/
Li
Rong		 /kuei/
Wang
Li		 /kiwei/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kiwei/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 guī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 gwai1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鮭
Reading # 2/3
No. 4575
Phonetic
component		 圭
Rime
group		 支
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 圭
Old
Chinese		 /*kʷeː/
Notes 見山海經論衡

Definitions

鮭

  1. blowfish
  2. salmon
Synonyms
Dialectal synonyms of 鮭魚 (“salmon”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 鮭, 鮭魚
Taxonomic name 鮭
Mandarin Taiwan 鮭魚
Cantonese Hong Kong 三文魚
Hakka Huizhou (Huicheng Bendihua) 三文魚
Southern Min Taipei (Wanhua) 紅鰱魚
Kaohsiung 紅鰱魚
Yilan 鮭魚
Changhua (Lukang) 紅鰱魚
Taichung 鮭魚
Taichung (Wuqi) 鮭魚
Tainan 紅鰱魚, 三文魚
Tainan (Anping) 紅鰱魚
Taitung 紅鰱魚
Hsinchu 鮭魚
Penghu (Magong) 紅鰱魚
Penang (Hokkien) 三文魚
Zhongshan Min Shaxi (Longdu) 三文魚
Wu Shanghai 三文魚

Compounds

Pronunciation 2

Rime
Character 鮭
Reading # 3/3
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 佳 (31)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) II
Fanqie 戸佳切
Baxter hea
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦˠɛ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦᵚæ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣæi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦaɨj/
Li
Rong		 /ɣɛ/
Wang
Li		 /ɣai/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣai/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 xiá
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 haai4
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鮭
Reading # 1/3
No. 4533
Phonetic
component		 圭
Rime
group		 支
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 㥟
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡreː/
Notes 說文作膎

Definitions

鮭

  1. general name for fish foods

Pronunciation 3

Rime
Character 鮭
Reading # 2/3
Initial (聲) 溪 (29)
Final (韻) 齊 (40)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) IV
Fanqie 苦圭切
Baxter khwej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kʰwei/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kʰʷei/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kʰuɛi/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kʰwɛj/
Li
Rong		 /kʰuei/
Wang
Li		 /kʰiwei/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /kʰiwei/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 kuī
Expected
Cantonese
Reflex		 fai1
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 鮭
Reading # 3/3
No. 4585
Phonetic
component		 圭
Rime
group		 支
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 睽
Old
Chinese		 /*kʰʷeː/
Notes 漢姓

Definitions

鮭

  1. Only used in 鮭陽／鲑阳.

Pronunciation 4

Definitions

鮭

  1. Only used in 鮭蠪／鲑𰲴.

Pronunciation 5
For pronunciation and definitions of 鮭 – see 觟.
(This character is a variant form of 觟).

Japanese

Kanji
鮭

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. chum salmon

Readings

Compounds
Compounds
  • 入(い)れ子鮭(こざけ) (irekozake), 内子鮭(いれこざけ) (irekozake)
  • 乾鮭(からざけ) (karazake)
  • 銀鮭(ぎんざけ) (ginzake)
  • 鮭鱒(けいそん) (keison, “salmons and trouts”)
  • 子籠(こご)もり鮭(ざけ) (kogomorizake)
  • 塩鮭(しおざけ) (shiozake)
  • 塩鮭(しおじゃけ) (shiojake)
  • 白鮭(しろざけ) (shirozake)
  • 大西洋鮭(たいせいようさけ) (taiseiyōsake, “Atlantic salmon”)
  • 時鮭(ときざけ) (tokizake)
  • 生鮭(なまざけ) (namazake)
  • 紅鮭(べにざけ) (benizake)

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
鮭
さけ
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi
Alternative spelling
鮏

Originally borrowed from Ainu サㇰイベ (sak ibe, “salmon”, literally “summer + eat”, in reference to how the fish would be caught and eaten in the summer),[1] or possible alternative unattested compound *サㇰエㇷ゚ (sak ep, literally “summer + food”).[2]

Pronunciation

Noun

鮭(さけ) or 鮭(サケ) • (sake) 

  1. a chum salmon

Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts (where katakana is customary), as サケ.

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
鮭
しゃけ
Hyōgaiji
鮭, Oncorhynchus keta

Probably a sound shift from the sake reading, possibly to help differentiate from 酒 (sake, “alcoholic beverage”). Alternatively, might be a borrowing from a different dialect of Ainu.

Pronunciation

Noun

鮭(しゃけ) • (shake) 

  1. a chum salmon

References
  1. “さけ 【鮭・鮏】”, in 日本国語大辞典 (Nihon Kokugo Daijiten, “Nihon Kokugo Daijiten”) Paid subscription required‎ (in Japanese), 2nd edition, Tōkyō: Shogakukan, 2000, released online 2007, →ISBN, concise edition entry available here (Note: Dialectal meanings, etymological theories, pronunciation including modern, dialectal, and historical information, Jōdai Tokushu Kanazukai, historical dictionaries containing this word, and the kanji spellings in those dictionaries have been omitted.)
  2. 2005, 日本語源大辞典 (Nihon Gogen Daijiten) (in Japanese), →ISBN, quoted in this 2005 blog post
  3. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  4. NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK Publishing, →ISBN
  5. Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1997), 新明解国語辞典 [Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten] (in Japanese), Fifth edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

鮭 • (hae) (hangeul 해, revised hae, McCune–Reischauer hae, Yale hay)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

鮭: Hán Nôm readings: khuê, khoai

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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