瓜葛

Chinese

		melon; claw; gourd melon; claw; gourd; squash	coarse grass linen
trad. (瓜葛)		瓜	葛
simp. ^#(瓜葛)		瓜	葛

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): guāgé

(Zhuyin): ㄍㄨㄚㄍㄜˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): gwaa¹ got³
Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): koa-kat

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Hanyu Pinyin: guāgé
  - Zhuyin: ㄍㄨㄚㄍㄜˊ
  - Tongyong Pinyin: guagé
  - Wade–Giles: kua¹-ko²
  - Yale: gwā-gé
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: guager
  - Palladius: гуагэ (guagɛ)
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /ku̯ä⁵⁵ kɤ³⁵/

Note: Often mispronounced as guāgě.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
  - Jyutping: gwaa¹ got³
  - Yale: gwā got
  - Cantonese Pinyin: gwaa¹ got⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: gua¹ god³
  - Sinological IPA ^(key): /kʷaː⁵⁵ kɔːt̚³/
Southern Min
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: koa-kat
  - Tâi-lô: kua-kat
  - Phofsit Daibuun: koa'kad
  - IPA (Xiamen): /kua⁴⁴⁻²² kat̚³²/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /kua³³ kat̚⁵/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /kua⁴⁴⁻²² kat̚³²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /kua⁴⁴⁻³³ kat̚³²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /kua⁴⁴⁻³³ kat̚³²/

Middle Chinese: kwae kat

Rime
Character	瓜	葛
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	見 (28)	見 (28)
Final (韻)	麻 (99)	寒 (63)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	II	I
Fanqie	古華切	古達切
Baxter	kwae	kat
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/kˠua/	/kɑt̚/
Pan Wuyun	/kʷᵚa/	/kɑt̚/
Shao Rongfen	/kua/	/kɑt̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/kwaɨ/	/kat̚/
Li Rong	/kua/	/kɑt̚/
Wang Li	/kwa/	/kɑt̚/
Bernard Karlgren	/kwa/	/kɑt̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	guā	ge
Expected Cantonese Reflex	gwaa¹	got³

Noun

瓜葛

(literally) melons and vines
(figuratively, dated) husband and wife
(figuratively) connection; association; dealings; implication

Verb

瓜葛

to get mixed up; to get involved in; to be implicated in

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