とぎすます

Japanese
Alternative spelling
研ぎ澄ます

Etymology

From 研(と)ぎ (togi, “連(れん)用(よう)形(けい) (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of the verb 研(と)ぐ (togu).”) + 澄(す)ます (sumasu).

Pronunciation
  • (Tokyo) とぎすま​す [tògísúmáꜜsù] (Nakadaka – [4])[1]
  • (Tokyo) とぎすます [tògísúmású] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • IPA(key): [to̞ɡʲisɨᵝma̠sɨᵝ]

Verb

とぎすます • (togisumasu) ←とぎすます (togisumasu)?transitive godan (stem とぎすまし (togisumashi), past とぎすました (togisumashita))

  1. to polish smooth
  2. (figurative) to sharpen (one's senses)

Conjugation
Conjugation of "とぎすます" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms")
Mizenkei ("imperfective") とぎすまさ togisumasa
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") とぎすまし togisumashi
Shūshikei ("terminal") とぎすます togisumasu
Rentaikei ("attributive") とぎすます togisumasu
Kateikei ("hypothetical") とぎすませ togisumase
Meireikei ("imperative") とぎすませ togisumase
Key constructions
Passive とぎすまされる togisumasareru
Causative とぎすまさせる
とぎすまさす		 togisumasaseru
togisumasasu
Potential とぎすませる togisumaseru
Volitional とぎすまそう togisumasō
Negative とぎすまさない togisumasanai
Negative continuative とぎすまさず togisumasazu
Formal とぎすまします togisumashimasu
Perfective とぎすました togisumashita
Conjunctive とぎすまして togisumashite
Hypothetical conditional とぎすませば togisumaseba

References
  1. Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
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