ἀγωνίζομαι
Ancient Greek
    
    
Pronunciation
    
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /a.ɡɔː.níz.do.mai̯/
 - (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /a.ɡoˈni.zo.mɛ/
 - (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /a.ɣoˈni.zo.mɛ/
 - (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /a.ɣoˈni.zo.me/
 - (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /a.ɣoˈni.zo.me/
 
Conjugation
    
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἀγωνῐ́ζομαι | ἀγωνῐ́ζῃ, ἀγωνῐ́ζει  | 
ἀγωνῐ́ζεται | ἀγωνῐ́ζεσθον | ἀγωνῐ́ζεσθον | ἀγωνῐζόμεθᾰ | ἀγωνῐ́ζεσθε | ἀγωνῐ́ζονται | ||||
| subjunctive | ἀγωνῐ́ζωμαι | ἀγωνῐ́ζῃ | ἀγωνῐ́ζηται | ἀγωνῐ́ζησθον | ἀγωνῐ́ζησθον | ἀγωνῐζώμεθᾰ | ἀγωνῐ́ζησθε | ἀγωνῐ́ζωνται | |||||
| optative | ἀγωνῐζοίμην | ἀγωνῐ́ζοιο | ἀγωνῐ́ζοιτο | ἀγωνῐ́ζοισθον | ἀγωνῐζοίσθην | ἀγωνῐζοίμεθᾰ | ἀγωνῐ́ζοισθε | ἀγωνῐ́ζοιντο | |||||
| imperative | ἀγωνῐ́ζου | ἀγωνῐζέσθω | ἀγωνῐ́ζεσθον | ἀγωνῐζέσθων | ἀγωνῐ́ζεσθε | ἀγωνῐζέσθων | |||||||
| infinitive | ἀγωνῐ́ζεσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἀγωνῐζόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | ἀγωνῐζομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἀγωνῐζόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.  | ||||||||||||
   Imperfect: ἠγωνῐζόμην 
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἠγωνῐζόμην | ἠγωνῐ́ζου | ἠγωνῐ́ζετο | ἠγωνῐ́ζεσθον | ἠγωνῐζέσθην | ἠγωνῐζόμεθᾰ | ἠγωνῐ́ζεσθε | ἠγωνῐ́ζοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.  | ||||||||||||
   Future: ἀγωνῐέομαι (Uncontracted)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἀγωνῐέομαι | ἀγωνῐέῃ, ἀγωνῐέει  | 
ἀγωνῐέεται | ἀγωνῐέεσθον | ἀγωνῐέεσθον | ἀγωνῐεόμεθᾰ | ἀγωνῐέεσθε | ἀγωνῐέονται | ||||
| optative | ἀγωνῐεοίμην | ἀγωνῐέοιο | ἀγωνῐέοιτο | ἀγωνῐέοισθον | ἀγωνῐεοίσθην | ἀγωνῐεοίμεθᾰ | ἀγωνῐέοισθε | ἀγωνῐέοιντο | |||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἀγωνῐέεσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἀγωνῐεόμενος | |||||||||||
| f | ἀγωνῐεομένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἀγωνῐεόμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.  | ||||||||||||
   Future: ἀγωνῐοῦμαι (Contracted)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἀγωνῐοῦμαι | ἀγωνῐῇ | ἀγωνῐεῖται | ἀγωνῐεῖσθον | ἀγωνῐεῖσθον | ἀγωνῐούμεθᾰ | ἀγωνῐεῖσθε | ἀγωνῐοῦνται | ||||
| optative | ἀγωνῐοίμην | ἀγωνῐοῖο | ἀγωνῐοῖτο | ἀγωνῐοῖσθον | ἀγωνῐοίσθην | ἀγωνῐοίμεθᾰ | ἀγωνῐοῖσθε | ἀγωνῐοῖντο | |||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἀγωνῐεῖσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἀγωνῐούμενος | |||||||||||
| f | ἀγωνῐουμένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἀγωνῐούμενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.  | ||||||||||||
   Aorist: ἠγωνῐσᾰ́μην 
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἠγωνῐσᾰ́μην | ἠγωνῐ́σω | ἠγωνῐ́σᾰτο | ἠγωνῐ́σᾰσθον | ἠγωνῐσᾰ́σθην | ἠγωνῐσᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἠγωνῐ́σᾰσθε | ἠγωνῐ́σᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | ἀγωνῐ́σωμαι | ἀγωνῐ́σῃ | ἀγωνῐ́σηται | ἀγωνῐ́σησθον | ἀγωνῐ́σησθον | ἀγωνῐσώμεθᾰ | ἀγωνῐ́σησθε | ἀγωνῐ́σωνται | |||||
| optative | ἀγωνῐσαίμην | ἀγωνῐ́σαιο | ἀγωνῐ́σαιτο | ἀγωνῐ́σαισθον | ἀγωνῐσαίσθην | ἀγωνῐσαίμεθᾰ | ἀγωνῐ́σαισθε | ἀγωνῐ́σαιντο | |||||
| imperative | ἀγώνῐσαι | ἀγωνῐσᾰ́σθω | ἀγωνῐ́σᾰσθον | ἀγωνῐσᾰ́σθων | ἀγωνῐ́σᾰσθε | ἀγωνῐσᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| middle | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | ἀγωνῐ́σᾰσθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἀγωνῐσᾰ́μενος | |||||||||||
| f | ἀγωνῐσᾰμένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἀγωνῐσᾰ́μενον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.  | ||||||||||||
   Perfect: ἠγώνῐσμαι 
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἠγώνῐσμαι | ἠγώνῐσαι | ἠγώνῐσται | ἠγώνῐσθον | ἠγώνῐσθον | ἠγωνῐ́σμεθᾰ | ἠγώνῐσθε | ἠγωνῐ́δᾰται | ||||
| subjunctive | ἠγωνῐσμένος ὦ | ἠγωνῐσμένος ᾖς | ἠγωνῐσμένος ᾖ | ἠγωνῐσμένω ἦτον | ἠγωνῐσμένω ἦτον | ἠγωνῐσμένοι ὦμεν | ἠγωνῐσμένοι ἦτε | ἠγωνῐσμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | ἠγωνῐσμένος εἴην | ἠγωνῐσμένος εἴης | ἠγωνῐσμένος εἴη | ἠγωνῐσμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | ἠγωνῐσμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | ἠγωνῐσμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | ἠγωνῐσμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | ἠγωνῐσμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
| imperative | ἠγώνῐσο | ἠγωνῐ́σθω | ἠγώνῐσθον | ἠγωνῐ́σθων | ἠγώνῐσθε | ἠγωνῐ́σθων | |||||||
| infinitive | ἠγωνῐ́σθαι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | ἠγωνῐσμένος | |||||||||||
| f | ἠγωνῐσμένη | ||||||||||||
| n | ἠγωνῐσμένον | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.  | ||||||||||||
   Pluperfect: ἠγωνῐ́σμην 
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| middle | indicative | ἠγωνῐ́σμην | ἠγώνῐσο | ἠγώνῐστο | ἠγώνῐσθον | ἠγωνῐ́σθην | ἠγωνῐ́σμεθᾰ | ἠγώνῐσθε | ἠγωνῐ́δᾰτο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.  | ||||||||||||
Derived terms
    
- ἀγωνιστής (agōnistḗs)
 - διαγωνίζομαι (diagōnízomai)
 
Descendants
    
Descendants
- → Bulgarian: агонизирам (agoniziram)
 - → Catalan: agonitzar
 - → English: agonize
 - → French: agoniser
 - Greek: αγωνίζομαι (agonízomai)
 - → Portuguese: agonizar
 - → Spanish: agonizar
 
Further reading
    
- ἀγωνίζομαι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
 - ἀγωνίζομαι in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
 - “ἀγωνίζομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
 - G75 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
 - Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. 
- act idem, page 9.
 - argue idem, page 39.
 - bet idem, page 76.
 - bicker idem, page 78.
 - brawl idem, page 94.
 - combat idem, page 144.
 - compete idem, page 151.
 - contend idem, page 167.
 - contest idem, page 168.
 - cope with idem, page 173.
 - discuss idem, page 232.
 - dispute idem, page 238.
 - emulate idem, page 269.
 - fight idem, page 318.
 - game idem, page 353.
 - issue idem, page 461.
 - perform idem, page 607.
 - play idem, page 618.
 - quarrel idem, page 663.
 - race idem, page 667.
 - rival idem, page 718.
 - stake idem, page 809.
 - strive idem, page 827.
 - struggle idem, page 828.
 - tourney idem, page 884.
 - trial idem, page 893.
 - try idem, page 899.
 - variance idem, page 944.
 - vie (with) idem, page 951.
 - wrestle idem, page 992.
 
 
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