वाच्
Sanskrit
Alternative scripts
Alternative scripts
- ৱাচ্ (Assamese script)
- ᬯᬵᬘ᭄ (Balinese script)
- বাচ্ (Bengali script)
- 𑰪𑰯𑰓𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
- 𑀯𑀸𑀘𑁆 (Brahmi script)
- ဝါစ် (Burmese script)
- વાચ્ (Gujarati script)
- ਵਾਚ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
- 𑌵𑌾𑌚𑍍 (Grantha script)
- ꦮꦴꦕ꧀ (Javanese script)
- 𑂫𑂰𑂒𑂹 (Kaithi script)
- ವಾಚ್ (Kannada script)
- វាច៑ (Khmer script)
- ວາຈ຺ (Lao script)
- വാച് (Malayalam script)
- ᠸᠠ᠊ᠠᢜ (Manchu script)
- 𑘪𑘰𑘓𑘿 (Modi script)
- ᠸᠠᢗᢋ (Mongolian script)
- 𑧊𑧑𑦳𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
- 𑐰𑐵𑐔𑑂 (Newa script)
- ଵାଚ୍ (Odia script)
- ꢮꢵꢗ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
- 𑆮𑆳𑆖𑇀 (Sharada script)
- 𑖪𑖯𑖓𑖿 (Siddham script)
- වාච් (Sinhalese script)
- 𑩾𑩛𑩡 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
- 𑚦𑚭𑚏𑚶 (Takri script)
- வாச் (Tamil script)
- వాచ్ (Telugu script)
- วาจฺ (Thai script)
- ཝཱ་ཙ྄ (Tibetan script)
- 𑒫𑒰𑒔𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
- 𑨭𑨊𑨣𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-Iranian *wā́kš (“speech, voice”), from Proto-Indo-European *wṓkʷs (“speech, voice”), from *wekʷ- (“to speak”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬁𐬑𐬱 (vāxš), Ancient Greek ὄψ (óps), Latin vōx, Persian آواز (âvâz), English voice (via Latin and Old French).
Noun
वाच् • (vā́c) stem, f
- speech, voice, talk, language (also of animals), sound (also of inanimate objects as of the stones used for pressing, of a drum etc.)
- c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda 5.76.1:
- आ भा॑त्य॒ग्निरु॒षसा॒मनी॑क॒मुद्विप्रा॑णां देव॒या वाचो॑ अस्थुः।
अ॒र्वाञ्चा॑ नू॒नं र॑थ्ये॒ह या॑तं पीपि॒वांस॑मश्विना घ॒र्ममच्छ॑॥- ā́ bhātyagníruṣásāmánīkamúdvíprāṇāṃ devayā́ vā́co asthuḥ.
arvā́ñcā nūnáṃ rathyehá yātaṃ pīpivā́ṃsamaśvinā gharmámáccha. - Agni light sup the face of the dawns; the devout voices of the pious have risen up; therefore, Aśvins, lords of the chariot, descending, come hither today to the splendid sacrifice, perfect in all its parts.
- ā́ bhātyagníruṣásāmánīkamúdvíprāṇāṃ devayā́ vā́co asthuḥ.
- आ भा॑त्य॒ग्निरु॒षसा॒मनी॑क॒मुद्विप्रा॑णां देव॒या वाचो॑ अस्थुः।
- वाचम् (vācam)-√ṛ, √īr or √iṣ — to raise the voice, utter a sound, cry, call
- a word, saying, phrase, sentence, statement, asseveration
- वाचं (vācaṃ)-√vad — to speak words
- वाचं व्या (vācaṃ vyā)-√hṛ — to utter words
- वाचं (vācaṃ)-√dā +dative — to address words to
- वाचा सत्यं (vācā satyaṃ)-√kṛ — to promise verbally in marriage, plight troth
Declension
| Feminine root-stem declension of वाच् (vā́c) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Singular | Dual | Plural | |
| Nominative | वाक् vā́k |
वाचौ / वाचा¹ vā́cau / vā́cā¹ |
वाचः vā́caḥ |
| Vocative | वाक् vā́k |
वाचौ / वाचा¹ vā́cau / vā́cā¹ |
वाचः vā́caḥ |
| Accusative | वाचम् vā́cam |
वाचौ / वाचा¹ vā́cau / vā́cā¹ |
वाचः vā́caḥ |
| Instrumental | वाचा vācā́ |
वाग्भ्याम् vāgbhyā́m |
वाग्भिः vāgbhíḥ |
| Dative | वाचे vācé |
वाग्भ्याम् vāgbhyā́m |
वाग्भ्यः vāgbhyáḥ |
| Ablative | वाचः vācáḥ |
वाग्भ्याम् vāgbhyā́m |
वाग्भ्यः vāgbhyáḥ |
| Genitive | वाचः vācáḥ |
वाचोः vācóḥ |
वाचाम् vācā́m |
| Locative | वाचि vācí |
वाचोः vācóḥ |
वाक्षु vākṣú |
| Notes |
| ||
References
- Monier Williams (1899) “वाच्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0936/1.
- Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, page 539
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