گوگرد

Persian

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (gwklt'), 𐫃𐫇𐫃𐫏𐫡𐫅 (gwgyrd /⁠gōgird⁠/, “sulphur”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬬𐬋𐬵𐬎𐬐𐬆𐬭𐬆𐬙𐬌 (vōhukər^əti), Sogdian 𐫄𐫇𐫐𐫤 (ɣwkt /⁠γōkət⁠/).

Pronunciation

(Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [ɡoː.ˈɡiɾð]

(Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡoː.ɡɪ́ɹd̪]
- (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [ɡoː.ɡɪ́ɹd̪]
- (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [ɡu.ɡíɹd̪̥]

(Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡ̥uː.ɡʲéɹd̪̥]

(Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [ɡɵ.ɡíɹd̪]

Readings
Classical reading^?	gōgird
Dari reading^?	gōgird
Iranian reading^?	gugerd
Tajik reading^?	gügird

Noun

گوگرد • (gôgerd)


Iranian Persian	گوگرد
Dari	گوگرد
Tajik	гӯгирд

sulphur, sulfur
- 1259, Saadi Shirazi, Gulistan, chapter 3, story 21:
  گفت گوگرد پارسی خواهم بردن به چین که شنیدم قیمتی عظیم دارد […]
  guft: "gôgird-i pârsî xwâham burdan ba čîn ki šanîdam qaymatê azîm dârad […]
  [He] said: "I will bring Persian sulfur to China, as I have heard it is highly valued […] "

Related terms

گوگردی (gôgerdi)
گوگرد سرخ (gôgerd-e sorx), گوگرد احمر (gôgerd-e ahmar, “Red Sulphur, Philosopher's stone”)
جوهر گوگرد (jowhar-e gôgerd)

Descendants

→ Azerbaijani: kükürd
→ Bashkir: көкөрт (kökört)
→ Chuvash: кӳкӗрт (kük̬ĕrt)
→ Georgian: გოგირდი (gogirdi)
→ Hindustani:
Hindi: गोगिर्द (gogird)

Urdu: گوگرد (gugird, gogird)
→ Kazakh: күкірт (kükırt)
→ Kyrgyz: күкүрт (kükürt)
→ Ottoman Turkish: گوگرد (gûgird)
→ Mongolian: хүхэр (xüxer)
→ Southern Altai: кӱӱрт (küürt)
→ Tatar: күкерт (kükert)
→ Turkish: kükürt
→ Turkmen: kükürt
→ Uyghur: گۈڭگۈرت (günggürt) / گۇگۇت (gugut)

Urdu

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian (gōgird, gūgird).

Pronunciation

(Standard Urdu) IPA^(key): /ɡoː.ɡɪɾd̪/

Noun

گوگرد • (gogird) f (Hindi spelling गोगिर्द)

sulphur, sulfur

References

Platts, John T. (1884) “گوگرد”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co., page ur

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