کشتی

See also: كشنى

Khalaj

Noun

کَشتی (kəşti) (definite accusative کَشتینی, plural کَشتیلَر)

  1. Arabic spelling of kəşti (“boat”)

Declension
Declension of کشتی
singular plural
nominative کشتی کشتیلَر
genitive کشتیݧ کشتیلَریݧ
dative کشتیکه کشتیلَرکه
definite accusative کشتیݧ کشتیلَری
locative کشتیچه کشتیلَرچه
ablative کشتیده کشتیلَرده
instrumental کشتیله کشتیلَرله
equative کشتیوارا کشتیلَروارا

Persian

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian 𐭪𐭱𐭲𐭩𐭪𐭩 (kštyky /⁠kaštīg⁠/, “boat, ship”).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [kʰɪʃ.t̪ʰíː]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [kʰɪʃ.t̪ʰíː]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [kʰiʃ.t̪ʰí]

Readings
Classical reading? kaštī
Dari reading? kištī
Iranian reading? kašti
Tajik reading? kištī
  • (India) IPA(key): /kiʃˈtiː/

Noun
Dari کشتی
Iranian Persian
Tajik киштӣ

کَشْتی • (kašti) (plural کشتی‌ها (kašti-hâ))

  1. boat, ship
    Synonym: قایق (qâyeq)
    سوار کشتی ― savâr-e kašti ― on a ship
    کشتی راندن ― kašti rândan ― to steer a ship
Derived terms
Descendants
  • → Middle Bengali: কিশ্তী (kiśti)
    • Bengali: কিস্তী (kisti)
  • → Gujarati: કિશ્તી (kiśtī), કિસ્તી (kistī)
  • → Hindustani:
    Hindi: कश्ती (kaśtī)
    Urdu: کشتی (kiśtī)
  • → Khalaj: kəşti
  • → Punjabi: kaśtī
    Gurmukhi script: ਕਸ਼ਤੀ
    Shahmukhi script: کَشتی

Etymology 2

From Parthian *kuštīg, from Proto-Iranian *kušti-, a t-extension of Proto-Iranian *kuši- (“side (of the body)”), from Proto-Indo-European *kuḱis (“(female) pubic hair; vulva”), from *kew-k-, from *kew- (“to be concave or convex”).[1] Doublet of کستی (kosti, “sacred Zoroastrian waist-girdle”), which was inherited,[2] as well as with کس (kos, “vulva”); outside of Iranian, cognate with Sanskrit कुक्षि (kukṣi, “belly, interior, womb”) and Lithuanian kūšỹs (“pubic hair; vulva”).

Pronunciation

Readings
Classical reading? kuštī
Iranian reading? košti

Noun
Dari کشتی
Iranian Persian
Tajik гӯштӣ

کُشْتی • (košti)

  1. wrestling
Derived terms
Descendants

Etymology 3

کشت (kešt, “field”) +‎ ی (-i).

Pronunciation
 
  • (Dari, formal) IPA(key): [kʰɪʃ.t̪ʰiː]
    • (Kabuli) IPA(key): [kʰɪʃ.t̪ʰiː]
    • (Hazaragi) IPA(key): [kʰiʃ.t̪ʰi]

Readings
Classical reading? kištī
Dari reading? kištī
Iranian reading? kešti
Tajik reading? kišti

Adjective

کِشْتی • (kešti)

  1. fit to be planted

Noun

کِشْتی • (kešti)

  1. cultivation; planting
  2. (uncommon) seed

References
  1. Edelʹman, D. I. (2011) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ iranskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Iranian Languages] (in Russian), volume 4, Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, pages 411-2
  2. Chehabi, Houchang (2018) “Wrestling in the Shahnameh and Later Persian Epics”, in The Layered Heart: Essays on Persian Poetry‎, →ISBN, pages 241—242

Punjabi

Etymology

Borrowed from Classical Persian کشتی (kaštī, kištī).

Pronunciation

Noun

کَشتی • (kaśtī) f (Gurmukhi spelling ਕਸ਼ਤੀ)

  1. boat; ark, canoe
    Synonym: بیڑی (beṛī)

Declension
Declension of کشتی
dir. sg. کَشْتی (kaśtī)
dir. pl. کَشْتِیاں (kaśtīyāṉ)
singular plural
direct کَشْتی (kaśtī) کَشْتِیاں (kaśtīyāṉ)
oblique کَشْتی (kaśtī) کَشْتِیاں (kaśtīyāṉ)
vocative کَشْتِیے (kaśtiye) کَشْتِیو (kaśtīv)
ablative کَشْتِیوں (kaśtīvṉ) —
locative — —
instrumental — —

Further reading
  • Iqbal, Salah ud-Din (2002) “کشتی”, in vaḍḍī panjābī lughat‎ (in Punjabi), Lahore: ʻAzīz Pablisharz
  • “ਕਿਸ਼ਤੀ”, in Punjabi-English Dictionary, Patiala: Punjabi University, 2024

Urdu

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian کشتی (kaštī, kištī).

Pronunciation

Noun

کِشْتی • (kiśtī) f (Hindi spelling कश्ती)

  1. boat, ship
Declension
Declension of کشتی
singular plural
direct کشتی (kiśtī) کشتیاں (kiśtiyā̃)
oblique کشتی (kiśtī) کشتیوں (kiśtiyō̃)
vocative کشتی (kiśtī) کشتیو (kiśtiyō)

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian کشتی (kuštī).

Pronunciation
  • (Standard Urdu) IPA(key): /kʊʃ.t̪iː/
  • Rhymes: -iː
  • Hyphenation: کُش‧تی

Noun

کُشْتی • (kuśtī) f (Hindi spelling कुश्ती)

  1. wrestling
    Synonym: کشتی بازی (kušti bāzī)
Declension
Declension of کشتی
singular plural
direct کشتی (kuśtī) کشتیاں (kuśtiyā̃)
oblique کشتی (kuśtī) کشتیوں (kuśtiyō̃)
vocative کشتی (kuśtī) کشتیو (kuśtiyō)
  • کشتی لڑنا (kušti laṛnā, “to wrestle”)
  • کشتی باز (kušti bāz, “wrestler”)

Further reading
  • “کشتی”, in اُردُو لُغَت (urdū luġat) (in Urdu), Ministry of Education: Government of Pakistan, 2017.
  • “کشتی”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.
  • Qureshi, Bashir Ahmad (1971) “کشتی”, in Kitabistan's 20th Century Standard Dictionary‎, Lahore: Kitabistan Pub. Co.
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