ظلمة

Arabic

Root
ظ ل م (ẓ-l-m)

Etymology 1

Root
ظ ل م (ẓ-l-m)

Compare Ge'ez ጽልመት (ṣəlmät).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ðˤul.ma/

Noun

ظُلْمَة • (ẓulma) f (plural ظُلُمَات (ẓulumāt) or ظُلْمَات (ẓulmāt) or ظُلَم (ẓulam) or ظُلَمَات (ẓulamāt))

darkness

Declension

Declension of noun ظُلْمَة (ẓulma)

Singular	singular triptote in ـَة (-a)
Singular	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	ظُلْمَة ẓulma	الظُّلْمَة aẓ-ẓulma	ظُلْمَة ẓulmat
Nominative	ظُلْمَةٌ ẓulmatun	الظُّلْمَةُ aẓ-ẓulmatu	ظُلْمَةُ ẓulmatu
Accusative	ظُلْمَةً ẓulmatan	الظُّلْمَةَ aẓ-ẓulmata	ظُلْمَةَ ẓulmata
Genitive	ظُلْمَةٍ ẓulmatin	الظُّلْمَةِ aẓ-ẓulmati	ظُلْمَةِ ẓulmati
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	ظُلْمَتَيْن ẓulmatayn	الظُّلْمَتَيْن aẓ-ẓulmatayn	ظُلْمَتَيْ ẓulmatay
Nominative	ظُلْمَتَانِ ẓulmatāni	الظُّلْمَتَانِ aẓ-ẓulmatāni	ظُلْمَتَا ẓulmatā
Accusative	ظُلْمَتَيْنِ ẓulmatayni	الظُّلْمَتَيْنِ aẓ-ẓulmatayni	ظُلْمَتَيْ ẓulmatay
Genitive	ظُلْمَتَيْنِ ẓulmatayni	الظُّلْمَتَيْنِ aẓ-ẓulmatayni	ظُلْمَتَيْ ẓulmatay
Plural	sound feminine plural‎; basic broken plural triptote
Plural	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	ظُلُمَات‎; ظُلْمَات‎; ظُلَم‎; ظُلَمَات ẓulumāt‎; ẓulmāt‎; ẓulam‎; ẓulamāt	الظُّلُمَات‎; الظُّلْمَات‎; الظُّلَم‎; الظُّلَمَات aẓ-ẓulumāt‎; aẓ-ẓulmāt‎; aẓ-ẓulam‎; aẓ-ẓulamāt	ظُلُمَات‎; ظُلْمَات‎; ظُلَم‎; ظُلَمَات ẓulumāt‎; ẓulmāt‎; ẓulam‎; ẓulamāt
Nominative	ظُلُمَاتٌ‎; ظُلْمَاتٌ‎; ظُلَمٌ‎; ظُلَمَاتٌ ẓulumātun‎; ẓulmātun‎; ẓulamun‎; ẓulamātun	الظُّلُمَاتُ‎; الظُّلْمَاتُ‎; الظُّلَمُ‎; الظُّلَمَاتُ aẓ-ẓulumātu‎; aẓ-ẓulmātu‎; aẓ-ẓulamu‎; aẓ-ẓulamātu	ظُلُمَاتُ‎; ظُلْمَاتُ‎; ظُلَمُ‎; ظُلَمَاتُ ẓulumātu‎; ẓulmātu‎; ẓulamu‎; ẓulamātu
Accusative	ظُلُمَاتٍ‎; ظُلْمَاتٍ‎; ظُلَمًا‎; ظُلَمَاتٍ ẓulumātin‎; ẓulmātin‎; ẓulaman‎; ẓulamātin	الظُّلُمَاتِ‎; الظُّلْمَاتِ‎; الظُّلَمَ‎; الظُّلَمَاتِ aẓ-ẓulumāti‎; aẓ-ẓulmāti‎; aẓ-ẓulama‎; aẓ-ẓulamāti	ظُلُمَاتِ‎; ظُلْمَاتِ‎; ظُلَمَ‎; ظُلَمَاتِ ẓulumāti‎; ẓulmāti‎; ẓulama‎; ẓulamāti
Genitive	ظُلُمَاتٍ‎; ظُلْمَاتٍ‎; ظُلَمٍ‎; ظُلَمَاتٍ ẓulumātin‎; ẓulmātin‎; ẓulamin‎; ẓulamātin	الظُّلُمَاتِ‎; الظُّلْمَاتِ‎; الظُّلَمِ‎; الظُّلَمَاتِ aẓ-ẓulumāti‎; aẓ-ẓulmāti‎; aẓ-ẓulami‎; aẓ-ẓulamāti	ظُلُمَاتِ‎; ظُلْمَاتِ‎; ظُلَمِ‎; ظُلَمَاتِ ẓulumāti‎; ẓulmāti‎; ẓulami‎; ẓulamāti

Descendants

Maltese: dalma
→ Azerbaijani: zülmət
→ Malay: gelemat
→ Indonesian: zulmat
→ Persian: ظلمت
→ Ottoman Turkish: ظلمت (zulmet)
- → Turkish: zulmet
→ Uzbek: zulmat

Etymology 2

Root
ظ ل م (ẓ-l-m)

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /ðˤa.la.ma/

Adjective

ظَلَمَة • (ẓalama) m pl

masculine plural of ظَالِم (ẓālim)

References

Lane, Edward William (1863) “ظلمة”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎, London: Williams & Norgate

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