שכן

Hebrew

Etymology

Cognate with Arabic سَكَنَ (sakana, “to reside, inhabit”).

Root
שׁ־כ־ן (š-k-n)

Pronunciation
  • Audio(file)

Verb

שָׁכַן • (shakhán) third-singular masculine past (pa'al construction, infinitive לשכון / לִשְׁכֹּן, future ישכון / יִשְׁכֹּן)

  1. to dwell, reside
    • Tanach, Numbers 23:9, with translation of the Jewish Publication Society:
      כִּי־מֵרֹאשׁ צֻרִים אֶרְאֶנּוּ וּמִגְּבָעוֹת אֲשׁוּרֶנּוּ הֶן־עָם לְבָדָד יִשְׁכֹּן וּבַגּוֹיִם לֹא יִתְחַשָּׁב׃
      ki-merósh tsurím 'er'énu umig'va'ót 'ashurénu hen-'ám l'vadád yishkón uvagoyím ló yitkhasháv.
      kī-mērōš ṣūrīm ʾerʾénnū ūmiggəḇāʿōṯ ʾăšūrénnū hen-ʿām ləḇāḏāḏ yiškōn ūḇaggōyīm lō yiṯḥaššāḇ.
      For from the top of the rocks I see him, and from the hills I behold him: lo, it is a people that shall dwell alone, and shall not be reckoned among the nations.
  2. to be housed, located

Conjugation
Conjugation of שָׁכַן (see also Appendix:Hebrew verbs) 
non-finite forms
  • to-infinitive: לשכון / לִשְׁכֹּן
  • action noun: שְׁכִינָה
  • passive participle: —
finite forms singular plural
m. f. m. f.
past first שָׁכַנְתִּישָׁכַנּוּ
second שָׁכַנְתָּשָׁכַנְתְּשְׁכַנְתֶּם1שְׁכַנְתֶּן1
third שָׁכַןשָׁכְנָהשָׁכְנוּ
present שׁוֹכֵןשׁוֹכֶנֶתשׁוֹכְנִיםשׁוֹכְנוֹת
future first אשכון / אֶשְׁכֹּןנשכון / נִשְׁכֹּן
second תשכון / תִּשְׁכֹּןתִּשְׁכְּנִיתִּשְׁכְּנוּתשכונה / תִּשְׁכֹּנָּה2
third ישכון / יִשְׁכֹּןתשכון / תִּשְׁכֹּןיִשְׁכְּנוּתשכונה / תִּשְׁכֹּנָּה2
imperative שכון / שְׁכֹןשִׁכְנִישִׁכְנוּשכונה / שְׁכֹנָּה2
notes
  1. Pronounced שָׁכַנְתֶּם and שָׁכַנְתֶּן in informal Modern Hebrew.
  2. Rare in Modern Hebrew.

References

Noun

שָׁכֵן • (shakhén) m (plural indefinite שְׁכֵנִים, feminine counterpart שְׁכֵנָה)

  1. neighbor

Adjective

שָׁכֵן • (shakhén) (feminine שְׁכֵנָה, masculine plural שְׁכֵנִים, feminine plural שְׁכֵנוֹת)

  1. neighboring

Yiddish

Etymology

From Hebrew שָׁכֵן.

Pronunciation
  • IPA(key): /ˈʃɔχn̩/

Noun

שכן • (shokhn) m, plural שכנים (shkheynem)

  1. neighbour
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