χρώς

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Related to χρῶμα (khrôma).

According to Beekes, probably cognate with Mycenaean Greek 𐀀𐀒𐀫𐀸𐀁 (a-ko-ro-we-e) (representing either /akʰroweʰe/ [dual noun] “without spots”, or /ha-kʰroweʰe/ “of one color”).[1] Chantraine suggests that the Mycenaean form points to a root *k(ʰ)row- “throw”.[2]

Pronunciation
 

Noun

χρώς • (khrṓs) m (genitive χρωτός or χροός); third declension

  1. skin, flesh
  2. complexion
  3. color

Declension
Third declension of ὁ χρώς; τοῦ χρωτός (Attic)
Case / # Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ὁ χρώς
ho khrṓs		 τὼ χρῶτε
tṑ khrôte		 οἱ χρῶτες
hoi khrôtes
Genitive τοῦ χρωτός
toû khrōtós		 τοῖν χρωτοῖν
toîn khrōtoîn		 τῶν χρωτῶν
tôn khrōtôn
Dative τῷ χρωτῐ́
tôi khrōtí		 τοῖν χρωτοῖν
toîn khrōtoîn		 τοῖς χρωσῐ́ / χρωσῐ́ν
toîs khrōsí(n)
Accusative τὸν χρῶτᾰ
tòn khrôta		 τὼ χρῶτε
tṑ khrôte		 τοὺς χρῶτᾰς
toùs khrôtas
Vocative χρώς
khrṓs		 χρῶτε
khrôte		 χρῶτες
khrôtes
Notes:
  • This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.
  • Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ts.
Third declension of χρώς; χροός (Epic)
Case / # Singular
Nominative χρώς
khrṓs
Genitive χροός
khroós
Dative χροΐ / χρῷ
khroḯ / khrôi
Accusative χρόᾰ
khróa
Vocative χρώς
khrṓs
Notes:
  • Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms may be based on conjecture. Use with caution.
  • Nominative singular -ς (-s) arose by reduction of the original cluster *-ts.
  • χρώζω, χρῴζω (khrṓzō, khrṓizō)
  • χρῶμα (khrôma)

Descendants
  • English: schizochroal

References
  1. Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
  2. Chantraine, Pierre (1968–1980) “χρώς”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue grecque (in French), Paris: Klincksieck

Further reading
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