οἰδέω

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms
  • οἰδάω (oidáō)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *h₂oyd-éye-ti, composed of an o-grade of the root *h₂eyd- and causative/iterative present suffix *-éyeti. Cognates include Old Armenian այտ (ayt, “cheek”), այտնում (aytnum, “to swell”), Latin aemidus, Old English āte (English oat). Compare Οἰδίπους (Oidípous).

Pronunciation
 

Verb

οἰδέω • (oidéō)

  1. to swell, become swollen
  2. (figuratively) of inflated style

Inflection
   Present: οἰδῶ, οἰδοῦμαι (Contracted)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative οἰδῶ οἰδοῖς οἰδοῖ οἰδοῦτον οἰδοῦτον οἰδοῦμεν οἰδοῦτε οἰδοῦσῐ(ν)
subjunctive οἰδῶ οἰδοῖς οἰδοῖ οἰδῶτον οἰδῶτον οἰδῶμεν οἰδῶτε οἰδῶσῐ(ν)
optative οἰδοίην,
οἰδοῖμῐ		 οἰδοίης,
οἰδοῖς		 οἰδοίη,
οἰδοῖ		 οἰδοῖτον,
οἰδοίητον		 οἰδοίτην,
οἰδοιήτην		 οἰδοῖμεν,
οἰδοίημεν		 οἰδοῖτε,
οἰδοίητε		 οἰδοῖεν,
οἰδοίησᾰν
imperative   οἴδου οἰδούτω οἰδοῦτον οἰδούτων   οἰδοῦτε οἰδούντων
middle/
passive		 indicative οἰδοῦμαι οἰδοῖ οἰδοῦται οἰδοῦσθον οἰδοῦσθον οἰδούμεθᾰ οἰδοῦσθε οἰδοῦνται
subjunctive οἰδῶμαι οἰδοῖ οἰδῶται οἰδῶσθον οἰδῶσθον οἰδώμεθᾰ οἰδῶσθε οἰδῶνται
optative οἰδοίμην οἰδοῖο οἰδοῖτο οἰδοῖσθον οἰδοίσθην οἰδοίμεθᾰ οἰδοῖσθε οἰδοῖντο
imperative   οἰδοῦ οἰδούσθω οἰδοῦσθον οἰδούσθων   οἰδοῦσθε οἰδούσθων
active middle/passive
infinitive οἰδοῦν οἰδοῦσθαι
participle m οἰδῶν οἰδούμενος
f οἰδοῦσᾰ οἰδουμένη
n οἰδοῦν οἰδούμενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Imperfect: ᾤδουν, ᾠδούμην (Contracted)
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ᾤδουν ᾤδους ᾤδου ᾠδοῦτον ᾠδούτην ᾠδοῦμεν ᾠδοῦτε ᾤδουν
middle/
passive		 indicative ᾠδούμην ᾠδοῦ ᾠδοῦτο ᾠδοῦσθον ᾠδούσθην ᾠδούμεθᾰ ᾠδοῦσθε ᾠδοῦντο
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Aorist: ᾤδησᾰ, ᾠδησᾰ́μην
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ᾤδησᾰ ᾤδησᾰς ᾤδησε(ν) ᾠδήσᾰτον ᾠδησᾰ́την ᾠδήσᾰμεν ᾠδήσᾰτε ᾤδησᾰν
subjunctive οἰδήσω οἰδήσῃς οἰδήσῃ οἰδήσητον οἰδήσητον οἰδήσωμεν οἰδήσητε οἰδήσωσῐ(ν)
optative οἰδήσαιμῐ οἰδήσειᾰς,
οἰδήσαις		 οἰδήσειε(ν),
οἰδήσαι		 οἰδήσαιτον οἰδησαίτην οἰδήσαιμεν οἰδήσαιτε οἰδήσειᾰν,
οἰδήσαιεν
imperative   οἴδησον οἰδησᾰ́τω οἰδήσᾰτον οἰδησᾰ́των   οἰδήσᾰτε οἰδησᾰ́ντων
middle indicative ᾠδησᾰ́μην ᾠδήσω ᾠδήσᾰτο ᾠδήσᾰσθον ᾠδησᾰ́σθην ᾠδησᾰ́μεθᾰ ᾠδήσᾰσθε ᾠδήσᾰντο
subjunctive οἰδήσωμαι οἰδήσῃ οἰδήσηται οἰδήσησθον οἰδήσησθον οἰδησώμεθᾰ οἰδήσησθε οἰδήσωνται
optative οἰδησαίμην οἰδήσαιο οἰδήσαιτο οἰδήσαισθον οἰδησαίσθην οἰδησαίμεθᾰ οἰδήσαισθε οἰδήσαιντο
imperative   οἴδησαι οἰδησᾰ́σθω οἰδήσᾰσθον οἰδησᾰ́σθων   οἰδήσᾰσθε οἰδησᾰ́σθων
active middle
infinitive οἰδῆσαι οἰδήσᾰσθαι
participle m οἰδήσᾱς οἰδησᾰ́μενος
f οἰδήσᾱσᾰ οἰδησᾰμένη
n οἰδῆσᾰν οἰδησᾰ́μενον
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
   Perfect: ᾤδηκᾰ
number singular dual plural
first second third second third first second third
active indicative ᾤδηκᾰ ᾤδηκᾰς ᾤδηκε(ν) ᾠδήκᾰτον ᾠδήκᾰτον ᾠδήκᾰμεν ᾠδήκᾰτε ᾠδήκᾱσῐ(ν)
subjunctive ᾠδήκω ᾠδήκῃς ᾠδήκῃ ᾠδήκητον ᾠδήκητον ᾠδήκωμεν ᾠδήκητε ᾠδήκωσῐ(ν)
optative ᾠδήκοιμῐ,
ᾠδηκοίην		 ᾠδήκοις,
ᾠδηκοίης		 ᾠδήκοι,
ᾠδηκοίη		 ᾠδήκοιτον ᾠδηκοίτην ᾠδήκοιμεν ᾠδήκοιτε ᾠδήκοιεν
imperative   ᾤδηκε ᾠδηκέτω ᾠδήκετον ᾠδηκέτων   ᾠδήκετε ᾠδηκόντων
active
infinitive ᾠδηκέναι
participle m ᾠδηκώς
f ᾠδηκυῖᾰ
n ᾠδηκός
Notes:
This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms
  • ἀνοιδέω (anoidéō)
  • διοιδέω (dioidéō)
  • ἐξοιδέω (exoidéō)
  • οἰδαίνω (oidaínō)
  • οἰδαλέος (oidaléos)
  • οἰδάνω (oidánō)
  • οἶδαξ (oîdax)
  • οἴδημα (oídēma)
  • οἴδησις (oídēsis)
  • οἰδήτης (oidḗtēs)
  • οἰδίσκω (oidískō)
  • οἶδμα (oîdma)
  • οἴδομαι (oídomai)
  • οἶδος (oîdos)
  • ὕποιδος (húpoidos)

References
  • “οἰδέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “οἰδέω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “οἰδέω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
  • οἰδέω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
  • οἰδέω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
  • Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume II, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1053
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