νίζω
Ancient Greek
    
    Alternative forms
    
- νίπτω (níptō, backformation from the aorist)
 
Etymology
    
From Proto-Hellenic *niďďō, from Proto-Indo-European *nigʷ-ye-, from *neygʷ- (“to wash”). Compare Proto-Germanic *nikwes, Old English nicor, German Nix.
Verb
    
νίζω • (nízō)
Inflection
    
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | νῐ́ζω | νῐ́ζεις | νῐ́ζει | νῐ́ζετον | νῐ́ζετον | νῐ́ζομεν | νῐ́ζετε | νῐ́ζουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | νῐ́ζω | νῐ́ζῃς | νῐ́ζῃ | νῐ́ζητον | νῐ́ζητον | νῐ́ζωμεν | νῐ́ζητε | νῐ́ζωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | νῐ́ζοιμῐ | νῐ́ζοις | νῐ́ζοι | νῐ́ζοιτον | νῐζοίτην | νῐ́ζοιμεν | νῐ́ζοιτε | νῐ́ζοιεν | |||||
| imperative | νῐ́ζε | νῐζέτω | νῐ́ζετον | νῐζέτων | νῐ́ζετε | νῐζόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive  | 
indicative | νῐ́ζομαι | νῐ́ζῃ, νῐ́ζει  | 
νῐ́ζεται | νῐ́ζεσθον | νῐ́ζεσθον | νῐζόμεθᾰ | νῐ́ζεσθε | νῐ́ζονται | ||||
| subjunctive | νῐ́ζωμαι | νῐ́ζῃ | νῐ́ζηται | νῐ́ζησθον | νῐ́ζησθον | νῐζώμεθᾰ | νῐ́ζησθε | νῐ́ζωνται | |||||
| optative | νῐζοίμην | νῐ́ζοιο | νῐ́ζοιτο | νῐ́ζοισθον | νῐζοίσθην | νῐζοίμεθᾰ | νῐ́ζοισθε | νῐ́ζοιντο | |||||
| imperative | νῐ́ζου | νῐζέσθω | νῐ́ζεσθον | νῐζέσθων | νῐ́ζεσθε | νῐζέσθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | νῐ́ζειν | νῐ́ζεσθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | νῐ́ζων | νῐζόμενος | ||||||||||
| f | νῐ́ζουσᾰ | νῐζομένη | |||||||||||
| n | νῐ́ζον | νῐζόμενον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.  | ||||||||||||
   Imperfect: ἔνῐζον, ἐνῐζόμην 
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἔνῐζον | ἔνῐζες | ἔνῐζε(ν) | ἐνῐ́ζετον | ἐνῐζέτην | ἐνῐ́ζομεν | ἐνῐ́ζετε | ἔνῐζον | ||||
| middle/ passive  | 
indicative | ἐνῐζόμην | ἐνῐ́ζου | ἐνῐ́ζετο | ἐνῐ́ζεσθον | ἐνῐζέσθην | ἐνῐζόμεθᾰ | ἐνῐ́ζεσθε | ἐνῐ́ζοντο | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.  | ||||||||||||
   Future: νῐ́ψω, νῐ́ψομαι, νῐφήσομαι 
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | νῐ́ψω | νῐ́ψεις | νῐ́ψει | νῐ́ψετον | νῐ́ψετον | νῐ́ψομεν | νῐ́ψετε | νῐ́ψουσῐ(ν) | ||||
| optative | νῐ́ψοιμῐ | νῐ́ψοις | νῐ́ψοι | νῐ́ψοιτον | νῐψοίτην | νῐ́ψοιμεν | νῐ́ψοιτε | νῐ́ψοιεν | |||||
| middle | indicative | νῐ́ψομαι | νῐ́ψῃ, νῐ́ψει  | 
νῐ́ψεται | νῐ́ψεσθον | νῐ́ψεσθον | νῐψόμεθᾰ | νῐ́ψεσθε | νῐ́ψονται | ||||
| optative | νῐψοίμην | νῐ́ψοιο | νῐ́ψοιτο | νῐ́ψοισθον | νῐψοίσθην | νῐψοίμεθᾰ | νῐ́ψοισθε | νῐ́ψοιντο | |||||
| passive | indicative | νῐφήσομαι | νῐφήσῃ | νῐφήσεται | νῐφήσεσθον | νῐφήσεσθον | νῐφησόμεθᾰ | νῐφήσεσθε | νῐφήσονται | ||||
| optative | νῐφησοίμην | νῐφήσοιο | νῐφήσοιτο | νῐφήσοισθον | νῐφησοίσθην | νῐφησοίμεθᾰ | νῐφήσοισθε | νῐφήσοιντο | |||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | νῐ́ψειν | νῐ́ψεσθαι | νῐφήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | νῐ́ψων | νῐψόμενος | νῐφησόμενος | |||||||||
| f | νῐ́ψουσᾰ | νῐψομένη | νῐφησομένη | ||||||||||
| n | νῐ́ψον | νῐψόμενον | νῐφησόμενον | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.  | ||||||||||||
   Aorist: ἕνῐψᾰ, ἑνῐψᾰ́μην, ἐνῐ́φθην 
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἕνῐψᾰ | ἕνῐψᾰς | ἕνῐψε(ν) | ἑνῐ́ψᾰτον | ἑνῐψᾰ́την | ἑνῐ́ψᾰμεν | ἑνῐ́ψᾰτε | ἕνῐψᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | νῐ́ψω | νῐ́ψῃς | νῐ́ψῃ | νῐ́ψητον | νῐ́ψητον | νῐ́ψωμεν | νῐ́ψητε | νῐ́ψωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | νῐ́ψαιμῐ | νῐ́ψειᾰς, νῐ́ψαις  | 
νῐ́ψειε(ν), νῐ́ψαι  | 
νῐ́ψαιτον | νῐψαίτην | νῐ́ψαιμεν | νῐ́ψαιτε | νῐ́ψειᾰν, νῐ́ψαιεν  | |||||
| imperative | νῐ́ψον | νῐψᾰ́τω | νῐ́ψᾰτον | νῐψᾰ́των | νῐ́ψᾰτε | νῐψᾰ́ντων | |||||||
| middle | indicative | ἑνῐψᾰ́μην | ἑνῐ́ψω | ἑνῐ́ψᾰτο | ἑνῐ́ψᾰσθον | ἑνῐψᾰ́σθην | ἑνῐψᾰ́μεθᾰ | ἑνῐ́ψᾰσθε | ἑνῐ́ψᾰντο | ||||
| subjunctive | νῐ́ψωμαι | νῐ́ψῃ | νῐ́ψηται | νῐ́ψησθον | νῐ́ψησθον | νῐψώμεθᾰ | νῐ́ψησθε | νῐ́ψωνται | |||||
| optative | νῐψαίμην | νῐ́ψαιο | νῐ́ψαιτο | νῐ́ψαισθον | νῐψαίσθην | νῐψαίμεθᾰ | νῐ́ψαισθε | νῐ́ψαιντο | |||||
| imperative | νῐ́ψαι | νῐψᾰ́σθω | νῐ́ψᾰσθον | νῐψᾰ́σθων | νῐ́ψᾰσθε | νῐψᾰ́σθων | |||||||
| passive | indicative | ἐνῐ́φθην | ἐνῐ́φθης | ἐνῐ́φθη | ἐνῐ́φθητον | ἐνῐφθήτην | ἐνῐ́φθημεν | ἐνῐ́φθητε | ἐνῐ́φθησᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | νῐφθῶ | νῐφθῇς | νῐφθῇ | νῐφθῆτον | νῐφθῆτον | νῐφθῶμεν | νῐφθῆτε | νῐφθῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | νῐφθείην | νῐφθείης | νῐφθείη | νῐφθεῖτον, νῐφθείητον  | 
νῐφθείτην, νῐφθειήτην  | 
νῐφθεῖμεν, νῐφθείημεν  | 
νῐφθεῖτε, νῐφθείητε  | 
νῐφθεῖεν, νῐφθείησᾰν  | |||||
| imperative | νῐ́φθητῐ | νῐφθήτω | νῐ́φθητον | νῐφθήτων | νῐ́φθητε | νῐφθέντων | |||||||
| active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
| infinitive | νῐ́ψαι | νῐ́ψᾰσθαι | νῐφθῆναι | ||||||||||
| participle | m | νῐ́ψᾱς | νῐψᾰ́μενος | νῐφθείς | |||||||||
| f | νῐ́ψᾱσᾰ | νῐψᾰμένη | νῐφθεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||
| n | νῐ́ψᾰν | νῐψᾰ́μενον | νῐφθέν | ||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.  | ||||||||||||
   Aorist: ἐνῐ́φην (alternative passive)
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| passive | indicative | ἐνῐ́φην | ἐνῐ́φης | ἐνῐ́φη | ἐνῐ́φητον | ἐνῐφήτην | ἐνῐ́φημεν | ἐνῐ́φητε | ἐνῐ́φησᾰν | ||||
| subjunctive | νῐφῶ | νῐφῇς | νῐφῇ | νῐφῆτον | νῐφῆτον | νῐφῶμεν | νῐφῆτε | νῐφῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | νῐφείην | νῐφείης | νῐφείη | νῐφεῖτον, νῐφείητον  | 
νῐφείτην, νῐφειήτην  | 
νῐφεῖμεν, νῐφείημεν  | 
νῐφεῖτε, νῐφείητε  | 
νῐφεῖεν, νῐφείησᾰν  | |||||
| imperative | νῐ́φηθῐ | νῐφήτω | νῐ́φητον | νῐφήτων | νῐ́φητε | νῐφέντων | |||||||
| passive | |||||||||||||
| infinitive | νῐφῆναι | ||||||||||||
| participle | m | νῐφείς | |||||||||||
| f | νῐφεῖσᾰ | ||||||||||||
| n | νῐφέν | ||||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.  | ||||||||||||
   Perfect: νένῐφᾰ, νένῐμμαι 
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | νένῐφᾰ | νένῐφᾰς | νένῐφε(ν) | νενῐ́φᾰτον | νενῐ́φᾰτον | νενῐ́φᾰμεν | νενῐ́φᾰτε | νενῐ́φᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
| subjunctive | νενῐ́φω | νενῐ́φῃς | νενῐ́φῃ | νενῐ́φητον | νενῐ́φητον | νενῐ́φωμεν | νενῐ́φητε | νενῐ́φωσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | νενῐ́φοιμῐ, νενῐφοίην  | 
νενῐ́φοις, νενῐφοίης  | 
νενῐ́φοι, νενῐφοίη  | 
νενῐ́φοιτον | νενῐφοίτην | νενῐ́φοιμεν | νενῐ́φοιτε | νενῐ́φοιεν | |||||
| imperative | νένῐφε | νενῐφέτω | νενῐ́φετον | νενῐφέτων | νενῐ́φετε | νενῐφόντων | |||||||
| middle/ passive  | 
indicative | νένῐμμαι | νένῐψαι | νένῐπται | νένῐφθον | νένῐφθον | νενῐ́μμεθᾰ | νένῐφθε | νενῐ́φᾰται | ||||
| subjunctive | νενῐμμένος ὦ | νενῐμμένος ᾖς | νενῐμμένος ᾖ | νενῐμμένω ἦτον | νενῐμμένω ἦτον | νενῐμμένοι ὦμεν | νενῐμμένοι ἦτε | νενῐμμένοι ὦσῐ(ν) | |||||
| optative | νενῐμμένος εἴην | νενῐμμένος εἴης | νενῐμμένος εἴη | νενῐμμένω εἴητον/εἶτον | νενῐμμένω εἰήτην/εἴτην | νενῐμμένοι εἴημεν/εἶμεν | νενῐμμένοι εἴητε/εἶτε | νενῐμμένοι εἴησᾰν/εἶεν | |||||
| imperative | νένῐψο | νενῐ́φθω | νένῐφθον | νενῐ́φθων | νένῐφθε | νενῐ́φθων | |||||||
| active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
| infinitive | νενῐφέναι | νενῐ́φθαι | |||||||||||
| participle | m | νενῐφώς | νενῐμμένος | ||||||||||
| f | νενῐφυῖᾰ | νενῐμμένη | |||||||||||
| n | νενῐφός | νενῐμμένον | |||||||||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.  | ||||||||||||
   Pluperfect: ἐνενῐ́φειν 
| number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
| active | indicative | ἐνενῐ́φειν, ἐνενῐ́φη  | 
ἐνενῐ́φεις, ἐνενῐ́φης  | 
ἐνενῐ́φει(ν) | ἐνενῐ́φετον | ἐνενῐφέτην | ἐνενῐ́φεμεν | ἐνενῐ́φετε | ἐνενῐ́φεσᾰν | ||||
| Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.  | ||||||||||||
Derived terms
    
- ἀπονίζω (aponízō)
 - ἐκνίζω (eknízō)
 - ἐναπονίζω (enaponízō)
 - νῐ́ψῐς (nípsis)
 
Related terms
    
- χέρνιψ (khérnips)
 
References
    
- “νίζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
 - “νίζω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
 - “νίζω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
 - νίζω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
 - νίζω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
 
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