καλοήθης

Ancient Greek

Etymology

From καλο- (kalo-, “good”) + -ήθης (-ḗthēs, “of character”) from Ancient Greek καλός (kalós, “beautiful, good”), ἦθος n (êthos, “disposition, character”).

Pronunciation

(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ka.loˈe̝.tʰe̝s/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ka.loˈi.θis/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ka.loˈi.θis/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ka.loˈi.θis/

Adjective

κᾰλοήθης • (kaloḗthēs) m or f (neuter καλόηθες); third declension (Koine)

good-natured, virtuous
(substantive, in neuter) virtue
- 161 CE – 180 CE, Marcus Aurelius, Meditations 1:
  Παρὰ τοῦ πάππου Οὐήρου τὸ καλόηθες καὶ ἀόργητον.
  Parà toû páppou Ouḗrou tò kalóēthes kaì aórgēton.
  From [my] grandfather Verus, [I inherited] good-natured character and absence of anger.

Inflection

Third declension of κᾰλοήθης; κᾰλόηθες (contracted, Attic)

Number	Singular		Dual		Plural
Case/Gender	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter	Masculine / Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	κᾰλοήθης kaloḗthēs	κᾰλόηθες kalóēthes	κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei	κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei	κᾰλοήθεις kaloḗtheis	κᾰλοήθη kaloḗthē
Genitive	κᾰλοήθους kaloḗthous	κᾰλοήθους kaloḗthous	κᾰλοήθοιν kaloḗthoin	κᾰλοήθοιν kaloḗthoin	κᾰλοήθων kaloḗthōn	κᾰλοήθων kaloḗthōn
Dative	κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei	κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei	κᾰλοήθοιν kaloḗthoin	κᾰλοήθοιν kaloḗthoin	κᾰλοήθεσῐ / κᾰλοήθεσῐν kaloḗthesi(n)	κᾰλοήθεσῐ / κᾰλοήθεσῐν kaloḗthesi(n)
Accusative	κᾰλοήθη kaloḗthē	κᾰλόηθες kalóēthes	κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei	κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei	κᾰλοήθεις kaloḗtheis	κᾰλοήθη kaloḗthē
Vocative	κᾰλόηθες kalóēthes	κᾰλόηθες kalóēthes	κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei	κᾰλοήθει kaloḗthei	κᾰλοήθεις kaloḗtheis	κᾰλοήθη kaloḗthē
Derived forms	Adverb		Comparative		Superlative
Derived forms	κᾰλοήθως kaloḗthōs		κᾰλοηθέστερος kaloēthésteros		κᾰλοηθέστᾰτος kaloēthéstatos
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

References

“καλοήθης”, in ΛΟΓΕΙΟΝ [Logeion] (in English, French, Spanish, German, Dutch and Chinese), University of Chicago, 2011
Dimitrakos, Dimitrios B. (1964) Μέγα λεξικόν ὅλης τῆς Ἑλληνικῆς γλώσσης [Great Dictionary of the entire Greek Language] (in Greek), Athens: Hellenic Paideia

Greek

Etymology

From Koine Greek καλοήθης (kaloḗthēs, “good-natured”). In the medical sense, semantic loan from French bénin analogically to its antonym κᾰκοήθης (kakoḗthēs). Morphologically, καλο- (kalo-) + -ήθης (-ḗthēs, “of character”).

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /kaloˈiθis/
Hyphenation: κα‧λο‧ή‧θης

Adjective

καλοήθης • (kaloḯthis) m (feminine καλοήθης, neuter καλόηθες)

(medicine) benign
Μη φοβάστε! Είναι καλοήθης όγκος.
Mi fováste! Eínai kaloḯthis ógkos.
Do not fear! It is a benign tumour.
(rare, learned) good-natured, virtuous

Declension

Declension of καλοήθης

number case \ gender	singular			plural
number case \ gender	masculine	feminine	neuter	masculine	feminine	neuter
nominative	καλοήθης •	καλοήθης •	καλόηθες •	καλοήθεις •	καλοήθεις •	καλοήθη •
genitive	καλοήθους •	καλοήθους •	καλοήθους •	καλοήθων •	καλοήθων •	καλοήθων •
accusative	καλοήθη •	καλοήθη •	καλόηθες •	καλοήθεις •	καλοήθεις •	καλοήθη •
vocative	καλοήθη •	καλοήθη •	καλόηθες •	καλοήθεις •	καλοήθεις •	καλοήθη •

Antonyms

(antonym(s) of “medicine”): κακοήθης (kakoḯthis, “abominable, malicious”)

Related terms

καλοήθεια (kaloḯtheia)

References

καλοήθης - Λεξικό της κοινής νεοελληνικής [Dictionary of Standard Modern Greek], 1998, by the "Triantafyllidis" Foundation.
καλοήθης - Babiniotis, Georgios (2002) Λεξικό της νέας ελληνικής γλώσσας: […] [Dictionary of Modern Greek (language)] (in Greek), 2nd edition, Athens: Kentro Lexikologias [Lexicology Centre], 1st edition 1998, →ISBN.

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