γόνυ
Ancient Greek
    
    Etymology
    
From Proto-Hellenic *gónu, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵónu. Cognates include Sanskrit जानु (jānu), Latin genu, Old Armenian ծունգք (cungkʻ), Gothic 𐌺𐌽𐌹𐌿 (kniu), and Old English cnēow (English knee).
Pronunciation
    
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /ɡó.ny/
 - (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈɡo.ny/
 - (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈɣo.ny/
 - (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈɣo.ny/
 - (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈɣo.ni/
 
Inflection
    
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ γόνῠ tò gónu  | 
τὼ γόνᾰτε tṑ gónate  | 
τᾰ̀ γόνᾰτᾰ tà gónata  | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ γόνᾰτος toû gónatos  | 
τοῖν γονᾰ́τοιν toîn gonátoin  | 
τῶν γονᾰ́των tôn gonátōn  | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ γόνᾰτῐ tôi gónati  | 
τοῖν γονᾰ́τοιν toîn gonátoin  | 
τοῖς γόνᾰσῐ / γόνᾰσῐν toîs gónasi(n)  | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ γόνῠ tò gónu  | 
τὼ γόνᾰτε tṑ gónate  | 
τᾰ̀ γόνᾰτᾰ tà gónata  | ||||||||||
| Vocative | γόνῠ gónu  | 
γόνᾰτε gónate  | 
γόνᾰτᾰ gónata  | ||||||||||
| Notes: | 
  | ||||||||||||
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | τὸ γόνῠ tò gónu  | 
τὼ γούνᾰτε tṑ goúnate  | 
τᾰ̀ γούνᾰτᾰ tà goúnata  | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τοῦ γούνᾰτος toû goúnatos  | 
τοῖν γουνᾰ́τοιν toîn gounátoin  | 
τῶν γουνᾰ́των tôn gounátōn  | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῷ γούνᾰτῐ tôi goúnati  | 
τοῖν γουνᾰ́τοιν toîn gounátoin  | 
τοῖσῐ / τοῖσῐν γούνᾰσῐ / γούνᾰσῐν / γούνᾰσσῐ / γούνᾰσσῐν toîsi(n) goúnasi(n) / goúnassi(n)  | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὸ γόνῠ tò gónu  | 
τὼ γούνᾰτε tṑ goúnate  | 
τᾰ̀ γούνᾰτᾰ tà goúnata  | ||||||||||
| Vocative | γόνῠ gónu  | 
γούνᾰτε goúnate  | 
γούνᾰτᾰ goúnata  | ||||||||||
| Notes: | 
  | ||||||||||||
Derived terms
    
- γονύκροτος (gonúkrotos)
 - γονῠαλγής (gonualgḗs)
 - γονῠκαμψεπίκυρτος (gonukampsepíkurtos)
 - γονῠκαυσαγρύπνα (gonukausagrúpna)
 - γονῠκλινέω (gonuklinéō)
 - γονῠκλινής (gonuklinḗs)
 - γονῠκλιτέω (gonuklitéō)
 - γονῠπετέω (gonupetéō)
 - γονῠπετής (gonupetḗs)
 - γονῠπλήξ (gonuplḗx)
 - ἐπῐγονᾰτῐ́ς (epigonatís)
 
Related terms
    
- γνύξ (gnúx)
 
Descendants
    
- Greek: γόνατο (gónato)
 
References
    
- “γόνυ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
 - “γόνυ”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
 - “γόνυ”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
 - γόνυ in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
 - Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
 - γόνυ in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
 - γόνυ in the Diccionario Griego–Español en línea (2006–2024)
 - “γόνυ”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
 - G1119 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
 - γόνυ in Trapp, Erich, et al. (1994–2007) Lexikon zur byzantinischen Gräzität besonders des 9.-12. Jahrhunderts [the Lexicon of Byzantine Hellenism, Particularly the 9th–12th Centuries], Verlag der Österreichischen Akademie der Wissenschaften
 - Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited. 
- knee idem, page 470.
 
 
Greek
    
    Alternative forms
    
- γόνατο (gónato) (standard form)
 
Etymology
    
From Ancient Greek γόνυ (gónu).
Pronunciation
    
- IPA(key): /ˈɣoni/
 - Hyphenation: γό‧νυ
 
Noun
    
γόνυ • (góny) n (plural γόνατα)
- (archaic, expression) knee. Used in the set phrase (in indication of respect):
- κλίνω το γόνυ ― klíno to góny ― I show respect (literally, “I bend the knee”)
 
 
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