Σφίγξ
Ancient Greek
    
    
Etymology
    
Uncertain. Possibly from σφίγγω (sphíngō, “to squeeze, to strangle”) (a Pre-Greek word) or from Egyptian
(šzp-ꜥnḫ, “living image”) or
(šzp, “image, statue, sphinx”).
Pronunciation
    
- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /spʰíŋks/
 - (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /spʰiŋks/
 - (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /sɸiŋks/
 - (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /sfiŋks/
 - (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /sfiŋks/
 
Inflection
    
| Case / # | Singular | Dual | Plural | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nominative | ἡ Σφῐ́γξ hē Sphínx  | 
τὼ Σφῐ́γγε tṑ Sphínge  | 
αἱ Σφῐ́γγες hai Sphínges  | ||||||||||
| Genitive | τῆς Σφῐγγός tês Sphingós  | 
τοῖν Σφῐγγοῖν toîn Sphingoîn  | 
τῶν Σφῐγγῶν tôn Sphingôn  | ||||||||||
| Dative | τῇ Σφῐγγῐ́ têi Sphingí  | 
τοῖν Σφῐγγοῖν toîn Sphingoîn  | 
ταῖς Σφῐγξῐ́ / Σφῐγξῐ́ν taîs Sphinxí(n)  | ||||||||||
| Accusative | τὴν Σφῐ́γγᾰ tḕn Sphínga  | 
τὼ Σφῐ́γγε tṑ Sphínge  | 
τᾱ̀ς Σφῐ́γγᾰς tā̀s Sphíngas  | ||||||||||
| Vocative | Σφῐ́γξ Sphínx  | 
Σφῐ́γγε Sphínge  | 
Σφῐ́γγες Sphínges  | ||||||||||
| Notes: | 
  | ||||||||||||
Descendants
    
- → Bulgarian: Сфинкс (Sfinks)
 - → Catalan: Esfinx
 - → Czech: Sfinga
 - → Danish: Sfinks
 - → Dutch: Sfinx
 - → English: Sphinx
 - → Estonian: Sphinx
 - → Finnish: Sfinksi
 - → French: Sphinx
 - → German: Sphinx
 - Greek: Σφιγξ (Sfinx), Σφίγγα (Sfínga)
 - → Hebrew: ספינקס (Sfinqs)
 - → Hungarian: Szfinx
 - → Indonesian: Sphinx
 - → Italian: Sfinge, sfinge
 - → Japanese: スフィンクス (Sufinkusu)
 - → Korean: 스핑크스 (seupingkeuseu)
 - → Latin: Sphinx
 - → Lithuanian: Sfinksas
 - → Manx: Sphinx
 - → Norwegian: Sfinks
 - → Ossetian: Сфинкс (Sfinks) (Sfinks)
 - → Polish: Sfinks
 - → Portuguese: Esfinge
 - → Romanian: Sfinx
 - → Russian: Сфинкс (Sfinks)
 - → Serbo-Croatian: Сфинга, Sfinga
 - → Sicilian: svince
 - → Spanish: Esfinge
 - → Swedish: Sfinx
 - → Thai: สฟิงซ์ (sà-fíng)
 - → Ukrainian: Сфінкс (Sfinks)
 - → Yiddish: ספֿינקס (sfinks)
 
References
    
- “Σφίγξ”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
 - Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language, London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited, page 1,025
 
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